Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) (Tamil திராவிட முன்னேற்றக் கழகம் Tirāviṭa Muṉṉēṟṟak Kaḻakam [ dra ː ː e ː ʋiɖə mun t ː rə ː k aɻəɦʌm ], " Dravidian Progress Federation ") is a regional party in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Their basic philosophy is rationalism. Originally they fought for an independent Tamil state, today, their demands but limited to the preservation of the special Tamil identity and culture within the Indian nation. Social justice and overcoming the caste system dominated by Brahmins also represent key concepts of DMK dar.
History
The DMK emerged from the Dravidar Kazhagam (DK), a political association that during the British colonial rule, with the aim of creating an independent Dravidenstaates on the ground of South India and the overcoming of the view of the Dravidian movement from the Indo-Aryan north forced, strongly hierarchical embossed had established social system. After India's independence, which the DK leader EV Ramasami ( Periyar ) was within the Dravidar Kazhagam the requirement for the transformation of the organization into a political party that would participate in elections, loud, but resisted. In addition, many d movement he predominantly Tamil DK- followers did the creation of a single Dravidenstaates for unworkable, and laid more and more on an independent Tamil state.
CN Annadurai, one of the main opponents Periyars, founded on 17 September 1949, his followers the DMK as a political party. After the Madras State was reorganized in 1956 after the boundaries of the Tamil language, the DMK rose to become its most important opposition party. At the same time one of the main concerns of the DMK was the creation of a Tamil state, even within India, has been met. Instead of an independent state, the party now aimed at primarily the preservation of the Tamil identity and culture. This concern received by the project of the Indian central government, the Indo-Aryan Hindi introduced as the sole official language, additional impetus. Organised by the DMK in Madras anti - Hindi movement of the 1960s is unprecedented in India today.
1967 was the party in the elections to the regional parliament win a decisive victory over the Congress Party. CN Annadurai was sworn in as Chief Minister. In the same year he ordered the renaming of Madras in Tamil Nadu ( "Land of the Tamils "). Legislation has occurred after the consent of the central government on 14 January 1969 in force. After the death Annadurais in 1969, M. Karunanidhi took over the party presidency and the Office of the Chief Minister. Inner focusing on its party politics led to the 1972 elimination of the AIADMK ( All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, "Anna" stands for Annadurai ), which could outstrip their mother party in 1977. Only in 1987 succeeded the DMK another election victory. Since then she has presented in alternation with the AIADMK governments of Tamil Nadu.
1994 split from the MDMK ( Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Marumalarchi ) from the DMK.
Performance in the parliamentary elections in Tamil Nadu
From the 13 parliamentary elections in Tamil Nadu ( until 1969 Madras) since its first participation in 1957 was the DMK five times (1967, 1971, 1989, 1996 and 2006) as the strongest party, of which four times (1967, 1971, 1989 and 1996) with absolute majority. Specifically, the selection results are as follows:
A) In 1957, the DMK was not officially recognized as a party. The DMK candidates as independents nominally took part in the election.