Droshky

A cab is a lightweight, open and sprung vehicle for up to five people. A distinction between a horse-drawn carriage, also called horse-drawn carriage, drawn by horses, and a hackney (also Motordroschke ), with a motor-driven cab - so a taxi - is called. The driver of a hansom cab driver is called.

Cabs were the precursors of today's public transport. Prevailed Permanently the vehicle until the beginning of the 19th century. As its predecessor, you can look at the litter.

Etymology

The term " hack " stems from the acquisition of the Russian word " drožki " ( дрожки ), which in 18-19. Century an easier, more comfortable carriages or slides for the exit noble lords was called. This fellow, have been used in St. Petersburg, but also at other courts, such as in Warsaw.

It can be shown that in the Baltics and St Petersburg live German the word to the end of the 18th century and as a result, particularly in travel reports about Russia, used. Later it underwent major use in Berlin and so eventually came into the whole German language area. Despite the migration of horse-drawn wagons to motorized vehicles, the term initially remained partly preserved. Since today are scarcely hackney in use, the specific term " hackney " was again to " hack ".

By Simon Kremser, who was allowed to set up in 1825 with royal permission at the Brandenburg Gate persons carriages that used by him kind of horse-drawn cab got the special designation of " Kremser ".

History

The arrival of the cab in the German area probably began in 1815, when the Dessau horse trader Alexander Mortier, also Alexi Mortgen written in Berlin with the Berlin-born Israel Moses, Enoch introduced the Mietkutschendienst. The first Warsaw cabs were actually imported from the Polish capital. The two entrepreneurs started with 32 cabs. Over time, the small Polish cars were replaced by more elegant and wider in the English style. By 1827 the fleet had grown to 120 vehicles. The concession granted in 1814 guaranteed the company a monopoly for years before free competition was opened. This meant that the number of cabs tenfold and the condition of the carriage and horses dramatically deteriorated, so the police left half of the vehicles off the road. Here the term Pferdedroschke developed. Meanwhile, the cab used in many other cities. In Basel, for example, inverted 1854 20 cabs. This corresponded to 0.64 wheelers on 1000 inhabitants. 1874 in Basel were already 106 and thus 2.12 wheelers on 1000 population available. The end of the cabs came with the introduction of the automobile and the tramway.

In the right photo shown of 1902, the transition from horse -drawn cab to the self-propelled mobile, car, clearly. The magazine The Week devoted the early 20th century this paradigm shift a lot of space. The photo was the beginning of a picture story titled " Ross and Schnauferl. Moment images of the road ".

Others

The French physicist and Nobel laureate Pierre Curie died on 19 April 1906 when he came under a cab and suffered a fractured skull.

Hans Fallada began with the novel The Iron Gustav in 1938 the cab a literary monument. The story was filmed in 1958 with Heinz Rühmann and implemented in 1978 as a television series with Gustav Knuth.