Duchy of Friuli

The duchy of Friuli was a Lombard duchy in today's Friuli, which lasted from 568-776.

History

After the occupation of the Veneto Alboin appointed his nephew Gisulf I as dux of Forum Julii (Friuli ) with its capital in Cividale. Gisulf moved by it selected Lombard farae ( family associations ) there. Friuli was in the east by the Julian Alps in the north by the Carnic Alps, bounded on the west by the established somewhat later Dukat Ceneda beyond the Tagliamento and the south by the Exarchate of Ravenna, which included the coastal area of ​​the Adriatic Sea. In addition to Benevento, Spoleto and Friuli Trent was one of the largest ducats of Langobardenreiches. The importance of Friuli was founded in the boundary layer to the Slovenes, Avars and the Byzantine Empire.

Grasulf I and II Gisulf took to connect to the Byzantine exarch Romanus and King Childebert II of Austrasia.

To 610 the Avars invaded plundering in Friuli. Gisulf II falls in the defense. The capital of Forum Julii was captured, abducted women and children to Pannonia and killed the men. Among its jointly ruling sons Taso and Cacco ( 610-616 ) has been the Dukat to Windisch- Matrei. After the assassination by the patricius Gregor in Opitergium ( Oderzo ) her uncle Grasulf II took over the Dukat.

Dux Pemmo fell into disfavor and King Liutprand sat 739 Ratchis as a dux. In the year 742 King Liutprand Ratchis accompanied on a campaign against the rebellious dux Transamund of Spoleto.

When King Liutprand and shortly after his nephew and successor Hildeprand had died, 744 Ratchis was elected king and his brother Aistulf was dux of Friuli. As Aistulf 749 became king he gave the Dukat Friuli his brother Anselm. As Anselm 751 abbot of the monastery was Nonantola followed him dux Peter.

Hrodgaud was 774 of Charles had conquered the Great, Desiderius, the last king of the Langobardenreiches used as Duke of Friuli. Hrodgaud rebelled against 776 Charlemagne, but was quickly defeated and killed.

With Hrodgauds death extinguished the Duchy of Friuli and was 776-828 a Mark of the Frankish Empire.

Was divided at the end of the 9th century in four counties (Friuli with Istria, Karantanija Krain with Liburnia, and Savien ). Later, the area went to the Patriarch of Aquileia (see list of Patriarchs of Aquileia ). 952 the former Duchy of Friuli became part of the Margraviate of Verona.

Under Napoleon Geraud -Christophe- Michel Duroc was appointed honorary Duke of Friuli.

Dukes of Friuli

  • 568-581 Gisulf I.
  • 581-590 Grasulf I., brother Gisulfs I.
  • 590-610 Gisulf II son Grasulfs I.
  • 610-616 Taso and Cacco, sons Gisulfs II
  • 616 -? Grasulf II, brother Gisulfs II
  • 645 -? ago
  • 660 -? lupus
  • To 664 Arnefrid
  • To 666 Wechtar
  • 670 Landar
  • 688 Rodoald
  • 694 Ansfrit ( usurper )
  • Before 700 Ado ( brother of Rodoald, not as the Duke, but under the title of governor )
  • To 703 Ferdulf
  • To 704 Corvulus
  • 706-739 Pemmo
  • 739-744 Ratchis (King of Lombardy )
  • 744-749 Aistulf (King of Lombardy )
  • 749-751 St. Anselm († 3.3. 803)
  • 751 -? Peter
  • 774-776 Hrodgaud

Dukes of the Carolingian Empire

Although the following rulers Friuli still led the title dux Foroiulanus ( Duke of Friuli ), but were no more tribal dukes, but integrated into the Frankish polity and had lost their independence.

  • 776-787 Marcarius
  • 787-789 Unroch I.
  • 789-799 Erich
  • 799-808 Hunfrid
  • 808-817 Aio
  • 817-819 Chadaloh I. ( Kadaloch, Cadalaunus )
  • 819-829 Balderich

Count of Friuli after the division of Mark

Diet of Worms ( 829 ), reorganization of the Empire of Louis the Pious and his sons in favor of Charles the Bald, division of the old Lombard Mark in four margravates

  • 829 -? Unroch II

Part of the Lotharii Regnum:

  • 846-863 Eberhard
  • 863-874 Unroch III.
  • 874-888 Berengar I.

Berengar Marca Veronensis et Aquileiensis:

  • 891-924 Walfred

Swell

  • Paul the Deacon, Historia Langobardorum, ed. Ludwig Bethmann and Georg Waitz, in: Monumenta Historica Germaniae, Scriptores rerum et Langobardicarum Italicarum SAEC. VI -IX, Hahn, Hannover 1878
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