Dugald Stewart
Dugald Stewart ( born November 22, 1753 Edinburgh, † June 11, 1828 in Edinburgh) was a Scottish philosopher and mathematician.
Life
He studied at Edinburgh University mathematics and moral philosophy in Adam Ferguson. He studied for a semester in 1771 at Thomas Reid moral philosophy. During this time he became friends with Archibald Alison. From 1772, he took over more and more often the lessons of his father and mathematics professor Matthew Stewart (* 1715 - † 1785 ). In 1775 he succeeded him as professor of mathematics.
When Adam Ferguson was sent in 1778 as a British government commissioner secretary in the American colony and served as head of the commission that - unsuccessfully - tried to negotiate with the U.S., rebellious apostates; Stewart took over at his request, his lectures in Edinburgh. As the successor to Ferguson, he eventually took over in 1785 also the chair of moral philosophy.
He established theories of politics and governments and a major influence on the style of politics in the aftermath of the French Revolution.
Among his students, among others Sir Walter Scott, Jeffrey, George Cockburn, Francis Horner, Sydney Smith, Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, Dr. Thomas Brown, James Mill, Sir James Mackintosh and Sir Archibald Alison. In the years 1788/89 he had contact with Amélie Suard, Joseph Marie Degérando, Guillaume Thomas François Raynal
After the death of his son, he retired in 1810 to retire back, but still wrote some important works.
Dugald Stewart was considered representative of the Scottish school, which was marked by Reid. He was known for his eloquence and his originality in science and teaching.
From the first marriage (1783 ) with Helen Bannatyne († 1787) was descended from his son Colonel Matthew Stewart. In his second marriage ( 1790) with Cranstoun him another son and a daughter were born.
Works
- Elements of the philosophy of the human mind, in three volumes, Edinburgh 1792 - 1827
- Outlines of moral philosophy, Edinburgh 1793
- Philosophical essays, Edinburgh 1810
- Philosophy of the active and moral powers of man, Edinburgh 1828
- The Works of Dugald Stewart 1829
- Complete edition The Collected Works of Dugald Stewart, ed. by William Hamilton, 11 volumes, Edinburgh / London 1854-60