East Africa

As East Africa, the eastern countries of the African continent are referred to with different geographical or geopolitical definitions.

• 2.1 colonial history
• 2.2 History of Tourism

East Africa

Generally

Tour operators refer in East Africa due to tourist interest often only on the safari areas in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.

The geographical area of ​​East Africa has a great cultural heterogeneity. Even if one can refer to the coast on a representative - homogeneous cultural tradition, the coining Eastern Arabia and India corporate form of Swahili, so cavort in the coastal hinterland in a confined space the diverse ethnic groups. In addition to the Ostbantu here are also descendants of Kush, Nilotic and San, called Bushmen. Although the coastal Swahili society of long ago has flourished behind, Swahili is the language of the medium dominate in the area, especially around the Great Lakes.

Geographically

The geographical definition includes the region about east of the Nile, or east of the East African grave breach. A restricted definition limited to the area east of East Africa East African grave breach between Ethiopia and the river Rovuma, what countries are Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Burundi and Rwanda contains. Sometimes parts of Mozambique, Malawi and Sudan are added.

Geopolitically

In the United Nations Statistics Division are under the Statistics District Eastern Africa with Stand October 2013 following 20 countries under East Africa:

• Ethiopia Ethiopia ( Addis Ababa )
• Burundi Burundi ( Bujumbura )
• Djibouti Djibouti ( capital of Djibouti ( city) )
• Eritrea Eritrea ( Asmara )
• Kenya ( Nairobi )
• Comoros Comoros (the capital Moroni )
• Madagascar Madagascar ( Antananarivo capital )
• Malawi Malawi ( Lilongwe capital )
• Mauritius Mauritius ( Port Louis Capital )
• Mayotte Mayotte ( capital Mamoudzou )
• Mozambique Mozambique ( Maputo capital )
• Reunion Reunion ( capital Saint -Denis )
• Rwanda Rwanda ( Kigali )
• Zambia Zambia ( Lusaka, )
• Seychelles Seychelles ( capital of Victoria)
• Zimbabwe Zimbabwe ( Harare )
• Somalia Somalia ( Mogadishu )
• Sudan South Sudan ( Juba capital )
• Tanzania Tanzania ( Dodoma capital / seat of government Dar es Salaam )
• Uganda Uganda ( Kampala )

East African Community

The East African Community is a form of economic integration of the East African countries of Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi with the aim of an economic and customs union.

History

Colonial history

The present states of Tanzania ( mainland territory without Zanzibar ), Rwanda and Burundi, as well as a small part of Mozambique ( Kionga triangle ) formed the former colony of German East Africa. Kenya was known as British East Africa, Mozambique as Portuguese East Africa. Between 1885 and 1890, German representatives were trying to establish a hegemony of the German Reich, which should range from the Somali coast over Wituland up to German East Africa. However, the plans failed to British and Italian colonial aspirations. Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia were 1936-1941 combined into Italian East Africa, where Ethiopia has only been occupied and not all the parts were placed under Italian control.

The boundaries of many states were established by the colonial powers arbitrarily without regard to cultural or international borders.

Founded in 1967 in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, the East African Community (East African Community EAC) economic integration and promoted the spread in all three countries as Swahili East African lingua franca, but in 1977 broke this community to its contradictions and mutual interference. In July 2000, the community was officially re-established and since July 2007, Burundi and Rwanda to its members.

History of Tourism

Tourism has a very long tradition in East Africa. The first tourists arrived in the early 20th century and were empires from Europe and America who went to big game hunting. In this early phase, that list included celebrities such as Winston Churchill and U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, who needed 500 support for, among others, tons of champagne. The big-game hunting was in the 1920 - popular and 1930s and also writers such as Ernest Hemingway immortalized this adventure in her stories, which were often filmed. The big game hunting remained exclusively until the 1960s, which had however already came to a well-developed hotel and lodge network here.

The mass tourism began in the late 1960s. The number of foreign visitors increased from 1963 to 1971 in Kenya from 110,000 to 400,000. In the 1970s, the big-game hunting was banned and replaced by the "hunt with the camera ." Most safaris to the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Tanzania's attractions went from not from Tanzania, Kenya. In 1977, the Kenyan- Tanzanian border was closed, Tanzania suffered the most damage, because the number of visitors went to 1985 from 178,000 to 58,000 back. Kenya's boom, however, continued unabated, so that 1985 540.000 tourists arrived (17% more than last year ) and there were nearly 650,000 in the following year. Strongest contingents of visitors came from Germany ( 1985 100 000 ), UK, USA ( 60,000 ) and Switzerland (40,000). 1988 decreed Kenya nearly 30,000 hotel beds, so were 80,000 jobs directly connected with tourism. 1986 resulted from revenue of nearly 350 million U.S. dollars, which were the second largest source of foreign exchange after coffee.