Eifeler Regel
The Eifel is usually a phenomenon that was first discovered and described in the linguistics of the late 19th century dialects in the Eifel region on the western edge of Germany. Hence the name comes from. However, it emerged in different variations and different significantly also on in other Central German dialects, such as in Luxembourg, in Kölschen or Hessian.
The rule describes a phonological process in the languages of the loss of a terminal - makes [n ] of certain words in certain environments. He spoke differently based and is also considered to very different degrees in the respective written language.
The Eifel rule can be regarded as a description of a special Sandhi.
Luxembourgish
The Luxembourg spelling targeting a phonetically correct spelling. Therefore, the omission of the n in the written representation of the language is taken into account. Today, the Eifel rule therefore provides indeed appears as a spelling rule, but their proper use requires the knowledge of the spoken Luxembourgish. The rule applies to words that end in-n or -nn. These endings are very common in verbs, the plurals of nouns and certain function words, such as articles, pronouns and prepositions of the Luxembourg. Therefore, the effect of the Eifel is usually very large extent.
It can be in their foundations described as follows:
- A terminal -n ( n ) is omitted: before all consonants except D, h, n, t, for ( between words ): the Ball → de Ball (the ball) when mer beginning → wa mer beginning ( when we go), ech ech meaningful roses → si roses ( I'm angry ) ... ( in compound words ): dams Shong → Damme Chong ( Women's shoes ), Reen Bou → reebou (Rainbow), Dräi to fofzeg → dräiafofzeg ( fifty-three ) ... An exception are other languages borrowed words and / or abbreviations when they are so pronounced that the first letter after a d, h, n, t, z or a vowel sounds: the James Bond, check-in, the SMS text ...
- Before the consonants D, h, n, t, for the Tuerm (the tower ) when hien drénkt (if he drinks ), ech useful duuschtereg ( I 'm thirsty ) ... Gromperenzalot ( potato salad ), Reendrëps (rain drops), fënnefandrësseg ( thirty-five ) ...
- Before a vowel. the Apel ( the apple), when ech beginning ( when I go ), ech reasonable al ( I'm old ) ... Ouerenentzündung ( ear infection ) ... One exception is the Y: Y When the second letter is compared: if it is a vowel, the -n is omitted, otherwise it stops: the Yvan de Yuri ... Another exception are other languages borrowed words, if they are so pronounced that the first letter sounds like a consonant, which would leave the n omitted: de one-night stand, de OneNote Fichier ...
- At the end of the block and in front of a punctuation mark. Ech hunn ( wéi gëschter ) vill managed. (I've ( worked like yesterday ) a lot. )
The omission can, but need not be completed before the following function words beginning with s:
It is important that many word endings in-n or -nn are not affected by the Eifel rule:
In fact, the n as a consonant in the word stem, as opposed to grammatically motivated extension, generally unchanged, with notable exceptions, such as:
If an ending- n in the majority falls away at a word whose singular ends in -e, a diaeresis must be used to distinguish the plural from the singular can: