Eight-ball

8-Ball and 8 Ball is a discipline of pool billiards, in the fifteen object balls ( the colored people ) and a cue ball ( the white ) is played on a pool table. The balls with the numbers 1 to 7 are in full color (up to the point at which the number is, therefore, in English also known as spots ) and are therefore called all the stops. In contrast, 9 to 15, only one strip is colored in white and the rest of the balls, so these are called the Half. Both color groups sort is ascending in the color sequence yellow ( 1/9 ), blue ( 2/10), Red (3/ 11) Violet (4 /12) ( in the TV set Pink, for better distinction to Blue ), Orange ( 5/13), Green ( 6/14) and Bordeaux or brown (7 /15).

Both players must first try their color group to punch completely, and then to be able to sink the black night, which if properly handled to win the game leads.

History

The discipline 8-Ball was created in 1900 from other billiards variants and was first played with seven yellow and red and a black ball and the white cue ball.

Today, the use of red and yellow balls instead of Full and Half (English Solids / Spots and Stripes, rare Lows and Highs Bigs and Littles or ) is the 8- ball is not more common because you so with the same set of balls other Pool variants such as 9- ball, 10 -Ball and 14 and one can play endlessly. In the still very popular, especially in the British space variant Blackball but still those two colors are used for object balls from tradition.

Regulate

8- Ball is a call shot game. This means that you must declare beforehand which ball is played in which case, if it is not obvious. Bankers, the game about gangs, or combinations, for example, seldom apparent and should always be spoken.

A player may continue playing until he fails to sink his own, called ball or commits a foul.

Construction and Breakfast

The object balls are constructed at the beginning of the triangle: the foremost object ball at the base, in the middle of the night and one full and one half object ball at the rear corners. Color group of the remaining balls (and the front ) is freely selectable. The starting player has the right to choose the position of the cue ball within the header field ( upper quarter of the table ).

When you break at least four of object balls must touch a cushion or an object ball must be pocketed. If not both are the case, the opponent can either accept the situation or the reconstruction demand ( and thereby decide on the abutting right ). When you break no announcement must be made.

After the break the table is always open initially, ie, that it is also allowed, with a Half pocket a full and vice versa. Only after the first flush correctly (with the announcement) ball after the break ( and not after the punching one or more balls at the break ), the color choice is decided.

The player will remain at the table if he has sunk one or more object balls correctly.

If the break, the cue ball into a pocket or jumps it off the table, the opponent "Ball in hand" behind the head string has been. But they are also only allowed to play the object balls that are at least a half of the diameter outside the header field. If and object balls were punched at break, they stay in the pocket (unless it is the night ).

If the night upon the break, the break players can decide whether to rebuild or whether he accepts the position, the Eight is placed on the foot.

If both the cue ball and the black night, so the opponent decides whether to rebuild or he wants to take over the position with traveled blacks. Here, he then out " ball in hand" behind the head string.

In the unlikely event that a player pocketed all balls of one color upon the break, he can either another color or directly select the black night.

Proper shock

After the color choice is made, it is sufficient for a legal shot to make a ( if in doubt before hip ) ball of his group and touch a gang after hitting the cue ball or an object ball.

The black 8 may not be sunk in a collision with a black woman, the game is lost.

Foul

( Definition: play or cue ball = white ball, object ball = colored ball including a black 8)

• When the cue ball is pocketed.
• If the cue ball does not contact any object ball.
• When the cue ball first strikes a ball in the opponent color group, or on the black night, as long as its own object balls are left.
• When the cue ball strikes an object ball first though of their own color group, but then neither a ball nor a band touches an object ball is pocketed.
• When a puncture occurs, that is, the cue tip strikes the cue ball a second time or the game ball in contact with the object ball is still touching.
• ( or remains lying on the band) when a ball falls off the table.

• When a ball is touched with the queue or moved ( Stock foul).
• When the player with the body or clothing touching a ball (body or clothing foul).
• If the player has set foot on the ground at the moment of its impact not least.
• When the player takes a shot, while still are balls on the table in motion.
• When a player makes an extreme returns and with intentional or unintentional slipping a ball trying to skip ( jump ball ). A regular jump ball must be hit with a downward-pointing cue ball above the horizon. The " scoop " the ball is prohibited.
• If at Ball nests or press balls, in which the end of the game with a high block ( established guiding hand ) over the opponent (s) or the eight balls to play and this touches the queue.

If within a shock several fouls are committed, it is still counted as only one foul.

If the cue ball or an object ball are right on the edge of the table, also there is a foul. The ball is then considered " fallen off the table " because the bands do not belong to the playing surface, but they clearly delimit only.

Should a bag be already so crowded that the outstanding balls affect the game, such as hold the game ball from falling into the pocket, also there is a foul.

All object balls are pocketed on a foul remain pocketed,

• When a player legally pockets an object ball of the opponent, but it has previously alluded to a ball of your color group; the collection is only finished when the other player is on the train, but without the " ball -in- hand."
• When the very trendy object ball is played and sunk, and in this case one or more object balls of the opponent's color group are pocketed. The player remains in this case continue to be at the table and can continue playing. This can occur, for example, in a game situation in which the opponent with a ball is a pocket ( zunagelt ) and this ball is not pocketed tactical reasons for his opponent to prevent them from sinking. So it is possible in some cases, with a trailer to sink the ball on the opponent and his own. It does not matter which ball falls first.
• When a ball rolls briefly about the band, but then returns to the playing surface.

Safety

Since it is a call shot game of 8-Ball (as well as in 10-Ball, 14/1-endlos ), an announcement must be made even in hopeless situations. If a recognizable impact test, ie game ball and object ball straight on a pocket playing, then, by prior arrangement with the enemy, to dispense with the announcement. If a turn for the opponent than they are, the end of the game tries to push without announcement, he will be asked about his move. In game situations where it is the enemy apparent that no ball can be pocketed or a band play is necessary, the end of the game, a security (german safety ) announce. No matter what happens after that, he gives off the game. This is intended irregular " foxes " ( random shocks, Eng. Flukes ) are excluded. All other rules still remain. A "Nip -shot " as in snooker ( no tape touching) is not allowed. Each player may, for tactical reasons, at any time announce a safety impact. This can be in certain game situations of advantage, for example, if their own ball can be sunk so that you can build a relationship with the whites on its color after, or around the opponent to force a foul and then even "Ball " to have in hand.

Ball -in- hand

If a player commits a foul, the opponent is always ball -in- hand. This is a so-called storage improvement, similar to soccer kick or penalty kick. The white ball can now be re- placed by the enemy at a convenient point for him. This concerns not only sank match balls, but also those who are still on the table. Exception is the sunken game ball after the kick-off. Then the game ball may be placed only within the header field.

Three - foul penalty

When 8- ball there is no 3- foul penalty, only the 9- ball, the control technology similar 10-Ball and 14:1

Game loss through foul on the black 8

The game is lost if:

• A player pockets the night before he is entitled to play on it.
• A player commits a foul, while he sunk the eight. ( Exception: Night falls at the opening shock )
• A player's Eight sunk with the same shock with which he sunk one of his still lying on the table object balls.
• A player the night sunk in a currency other than the hip pocket.
• A player's eight off the table.
• The cue ball is pocketed or expires.

No loss of game is when the player the black 8 legally pocketed, this still falls an opponent's ball. This may be the case, for example, if an opponent's ball blocks the desired bag and so both balls are sunk.

Special case of stalemate

If more than two object balls and the eight are on the table, but no player attempts to finish the game, then after a certain number of shocks (usually from any three) the game will be considered a tie, or it is re- begun. It starts again the one who started this game. For tactical reasons, it may happen that you will not attempt to sink his object balls, because it's too hard or because you may have to solve. In this case, play it safe and not risk anything.

" Pubs variant"

One in pubs sometimes played variation states that for the correct punch all its own object balls the night needs to be punched in the bag that is opposite to the case in which the last native object ball was punched. However, this variant is outside the official rules and has only the sense to extend the game artificially billiard tables coin operated ( pay per play). In order to give other players a chance to come to the table, in some pubs applies: Black goes everywhere. This is especially true in England (Black goes anywhere ).