Ejido

The Ejido ( [ ɛxiðo ], Spanish, from Latin exitum ) is a form of ownership, which is characterized by common land ownership and individual use. In 1492, against the completion of the Reconquista were Isabella and Ferdinand other parts of the Iberian Peninsula occupy. The name of the town of El Ejido in Andalucia points out that the concept has emerged for this form of the fief in Spain. In Spain were vast lands, which then forgave the Spanish crown as a fief, the origins of the latifundia in today's Andalusia and Extremadura.

In the Spanish colonies in Latin America, the laws, regulations and obligations among Spanish crown, Corregidor ( governor ) and indigenous ( indigenous population) were regulated by the legal form of the Ejido. In the early 20th century, the Ejido was misdiagnosed as the traditional Indian form of land tenure, especially in Mexico. In the Mexican Constitution of 1857, the private landowners had taken its place, the Mexican Revolution had demanded his reinstatement and the Constitution of 1917 promised this. It was realized only in 1934 by the land reform during the presidency of Lázaro Cárdenas. In 1960, in Mexico, 24 % of the cultivated land ejidos.

As a result of the negotiations of the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) has been deleted the farmers' right to a Ejido from the Constitution (Article 27) under President Carlos Salinas de Gortari in 1991, this being justified by the " low productivity " of the country in community ownership been. The ejido land pieces were to privately held its last owners, who are also entitled for sale.