En chamade

The Spanish trumpet is a pipe organ, which is placed horizontally in the prospectus of the organ.

History

Horizontal reed pipes spread in the second half of the 17th century on the Iberian peninsula and were missing from then on in hardly any of the organs in the area. The oldest known mention concerns a trumpet in the organ of Eibar 1659th The visual impression of such registers, seems to have been calculated from the beginning. Joseph de Echevarría, the first organ builder, are known from the horizontal tongues, compares them with " artillery ". Horizontal reed pipes are also found in organs that were built in the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies.

(Organ of St. Maximin, Var, built by Jean Esprit Isnard, completion 1773) from the late Baroque period, an instrument in France is obtained that 'each has two horizontal trumpets 8 only in upper register.

Since the second half of the 20th century horizontal reed stops are built in other countries. They are often used as the time of their invention because of the special optical impression. In addition, in the modern organ building and phonetic factors play a role.

Occurrence

In traditional Iberian organs in which the manuals between c ¹ and cis ¹ are divided, can be found in a fully developed " Trompeteria " (or " Lengüetería ") in the bass half ( B) Horizontal trumpets to 8 ', 4 ' and 2 ' and in the Diskanthälfte (D) Horizontal trumpets to 16 ', 8 ' and 4 '. The characteristic sound of this Lingualpfeifen, which are almost always equipped with overlay tongues, arises from the fact that the sound waves can propagate from these pipes without obstacles ( other pipes, organ case ) in the room. In small instruments, but also in instruments from the early days of horizontal tabs, there's often only one horizontal Trumpet 4 ' B / 8' D and to a horizontally disposed shelf -like register 8 ' B / D.

In modern organs the Trompeteria is the horizontal reed stops are like all other registers built continuously in the respective organ either modeled on the Iberian tradition or. Often the Trompeteria is scheduled as a separate work either with or without your own private Manual Manual with link to the existing manuals. Outside the Iberian Peninsula there is only one Spanish Trompeteria that was originally manufactured in Spain: It is located in the Abbey Marienstatt in the Westerwald.

Register

Common names are:

  • Trompeta de batalla (8 ' B / D)
  • Trompeta de campaña (8 ' B / D)
  • Bajoncillo (4 ' B)
  • Clarín claro (8 ' D)
  • Clarín de batalla (8 ' D)
  • Clarín de Campaña (8 ' D)
  • Clarín en quincena (2 ' B)
  • Trompeta magna (16 ' D)
  • Trompeta imperial (32 " D or 16 " D)
  • Trompeta quinta (5 1 /3 ' D, B / D or without division, rare)
  • Chamade (16 ', 8' or 4 ', with or without pitch)
  • Trompette en chamade (16 ', 8' or 4 ', with or without division )
  • Spanish trumpet ( 16 ', 8' or 4 ', with or without pitch)
  • Royal Trumpet (16 ', 8' or 4 ', with or without division, in modern organs often as high pressure register)

Occasionally there are also horizontal trumpets 16 ' in the bass with a half cup length ( Trompeta bastarda ). With Trompeta magna can also mean an internally standing Trumpet 16 ' (D or B / D, then B with a half cup length). With Trompeta imperial can also mean an internally standing Trumpet 32 ' D or 16' D. Trompeta real is almost always an internal standing trumpet, usually about 8 ', which is available with horizontal reed stops in almost every organ.

To Trompeteria often even regal -like Lingualregister ( Dulzaina, Orłoś, Viejas Viejo's ) with short conical or cylindrical, sometimes partially covered, cups in the layers 16 ' B / D, 8' B / D, 4 ' B / D ( D include rare ), and 2 ' as

Sound Samples

Played on the organs of the San Juan Bautista Church in Marchena, Spain:

100713
de