Entlebuch Biosphere
The Entlebuch is the 397 km ² large main valley of the Kleine Emme between Bern and Lucerne in Switzerland.
The region is now mostly brought with UNESCO biosphere Entlebuch ( UBE ) in compound known, however, is also the most widely used today Entlebucher Mountain Dog.
Geography
The Entlebuch is composed of the seven churches Doppleschwand, Entlebuch Escholzmatt - Marbach, Fluhli, Hasle, Romoos and Schüpfheim.
The total area is divided into 43% forest, 30 % agricultural land ( meadows, pastures, fens ), 18 % Alpine meadows, 3% and 7 % settlements unproductive land ( raised bogs and rocky country).
Culture
The region has 17,000 inhabitants and has a distinctly rural character for Switzerland and thus a distinct, historically grown and well-preserved regional and cultural awareness which manifests itself among other things, by an active and social life intact.
Since 2004, various groups discuss project planning and political development versions of the Entlebuch within the project " bird's eye view ." On the test especially the variants status quo came with enhanced cooperation, small and total fusion. This results in the ongoing under the working title " G4 " merger negotiations between the communities Entlebuch, Hasle, Schüpfheim and Fluhli. The two communities Marbach and Escholzmatt merged on January 1, 2013, and became the community Escholzmatt - Marbach.
UNESCO Biosphere Entlebuch
The Entlebuch since 2001 to the Swiss National Park, the second UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Switzerland, but the only after the Seville criteria of UNESCO in 1995. It is the first biosphere reserve in the world to by a plebiscite and of participative and cooperative participation of the local population was founded. Since 2008, the UBE is also regional nature park of national importance under Parks Ordinance in Switzerland.
Formation
In Entlebuch about a third from employees in the primary sector ( agriculture and forestry ) in the second quarter and only around 40 % in the third sector are active, active. Compared to the Swiss average of low-income first sector is heavily over-represented, as distinctly rural region is the Entlebuch from acute economic pressure. Since the implementation of Rothenthurm Initiative in the early 1990s to restrict legal constraints on usage free management on about half of the total area of the Entlebuch, mainly in flat and raised bogs, a. These restrictions were the origin of the biosphere concept, which envisaged to set the restrictions as tourism potential in value. This background makes the strong regional economic and tourist orientation of the biosphere understand.
Natural landscape
Outstanding natural spatial characteristics of the Entlebuch are the extensive mires and the karst landscape Schrattenflueh. More than 20% of intact raised bogs of Switzerland are located in the perimeter of the UBE, often they are in a short distance to dry habitats, which leads to a very diverse flora and fauna in the smallest space. A total of 135 flat and raised bogs and four wetlands of national importance are listed in the Biosphere Reserve. These four floodplains, some amphibian spawning areas and dry meadows and three landscapes are of national importance. In total, more than 50 % of the total area of the UBE are placed under protection. Besides some mountain pine and spruce forests in the high moor Entlebuch dominate beech-fir, fir - spruce and spruce forests.
Education
The UBE is committed to the implementation of the " UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development" 2005-2014 in the region a. For Foreign children and young people the UBE offers a multi-day biosphere school. Indigenous children and young people with a special regional supply, the " Äntlibuecher Schuelschätz ", Swiss German for " Entlebucher school treasures", sensitized on all primary and secondary school once per year for the sustainable development of their habitat. Specific teaching and learning centers as well as a large number of organized excursions complete the offer. In another project aims to adult education and educational tourism be developed further.
Regional Economics
The UBE is committed to sustainable development at the regional level by regional products and partners are considered and regional cycles are closed. The marketing of regional products, services and tourist facilities is funded by the origin and quality brand " Real Entlebuch ." Currently, certified over 50 companies with more than 200 products.