Enzyme substrate (biology)

In biochemistry is referred to as the substrate of the starting material for functions of biomolecules and the metabolism of organisms. The substrate is particularly called for technically or scientifically recognized substrates as nutrient medium.

In the chemistry of the starting material in the catalytic reaction is referred to as the substrate, in its broadest sense a carrier of certain physical, chemical or biological properties.

Enzymatic

In enzymology, the starting material ( raw material) is called a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, biochemical reaction as a substrate.

A simple description of an enzymatic reaction usually has the following appearance:

Thus, the starting material is the substrate of the enzyme in the reaction formula shown and enzyme -substrate complex is presented with. The product is sometimes not a new name, but is also ' converted substrate ' or ' converted substrate ' called.

Interest for the detection of enzymes in microorganisms and for determining the activity of enzymes, above all, chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates. These substrates are cleaved and a chromogen ( dye ) or a fluorogen released (fluorescence dye). By staining or by fluorescence, enzyme activity can be detected. By means of the intensity of the color or fluorescence, the enzymatic activity ( enzyme kinetics ) can be determined.

These substrates are mainly used in ELISA tests and various biochemical tests. In Microbiology used for chromogenic and fluorogenic media ( growth media ) in order to achieve a safer and easier isolation and identification of certain microorganisms.