Epiphanius of Salamis

Epiphanius of Salamis (Latin Epiphanius, * 315 in Besanduk at Eleutheropolis (today: Bet Guvrin, Israel) in Judea, † April 12 403) was Bishop of Constantia ( Salamis ) in Cyprus.

Life

Epiphanius was born to Jewish parents. He spent his youth in some time with monks in Egypt and donated 335 as a young man near Eleutheropolis even a monastery that he had a presbyter by the bishop of Eleutheropolis initiated more than 30 years after his ordination.

He was 367 Bishop of Constantia ( Salamis ) in Cyprus and also promoted there monasticism.

Epiphanius saw Origen as author of all heresy, especially of Arianism, and fought him bitterly " in all languages ​​of the world," as Rufinus says of him (quoted by BBKL, see Related links), because he was of Greek, Syriac, Hebrew, Coptic Latin and knowledgeable. Epiphanius was the main author of the first Origenistic dispute. He participated in the Synod of Antioch in 376, and then 382 on the part of Rome. In the year 394 he came to Jerusalem, and preached in the Holy Sepulcher ( Church of the Resurrection ) against the followers of Origen. In a letter of 394, which deals with the errors of Origen, he emphasizes the earthly existence of Paradise, as well as in Ancoratus. He also deals with the geography of the Four Rivers of Paradise. The Gihon as he equates with the Nile. It flowed from Paradise to Ethiopia and Egypt, to eventually lead into the Mediterranean.

The examination of Origen and his followers employed Epiphanius to its end. In winter 402 Theophilus of Alexandria, Epiphanius asked this on to travel to Constantinople Opel because John Chrysostom, Bishop of Constantinople, Opel, followers of Origen had granted refuge. Epiphanius should fight the alleged Origenism of John Chrysostom. But in this last debate he was unsuccessful. Epiphanius died the following year on his return from Constantinople to Cyprus Opel on the open sea.

Works

When his earliest writing applies Ancoratus ( " The Festgeankerte " ) of 374, a polemic against Origen and Arianism. Among his writings is the most important be Panarion ( " medicine chest " against snake bites of heresy, also known as Adversus haereses known and often cited as Haereses, written 374-377 ), a list of 80 heretical teachings. 382 he wrote a book about the biblical weights and measures ( De mensuris et ponderibus ) in Constantinople Opel.

Expenditures:

• Epiphanius: Ancoratus and Panarion. Bd 1 u 2, ed. v. Karl Holl. Hinrichs, Leipzig 1915/22; Vol 3, ed. v. Hans Lietzmann. Hinrichs, Leipzig 1933.
• The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis. Book I ( Sects 1-46 ) ( Nag Hammadi Studies 35). Translated by Frank Williams. Brill, Leiden, 1987, ISBN 90-04-07926-2.
• The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis. Books II and III ( Sects 47-80, De Fide ). Translated by Frank Williams. Brill, Leiden 1994, ISBN 90-04-09898-4.