Erasmus Programme
The Erasmus program is a program of the European Union. Named the program is by Erasmus of Rotterdam, a humanist in his time universal European-educated.
History and organization
It was founded on June 15, 1987 by Decision 87/327/EEC of the Council of Ministers with the aim to promote cooperation between universities in Europe and the mobility of students and faculty. ERASMUS stands for: European Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students. The program take all 28 EU Member States and five European countries (Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Turkey) part, with Switzerland 2014/15 because of the failure to sign the persons agreement with the new EU member Croatia as a result of mass immigration initiative adopted by the member country was downgraded to the status of a partner country. The program has been revised by the decisions 89/663/EEC and 819/95/EC. It is part of the EU Lifelong Learning Programme ( duration 2007-2013, before 1994 to 2006 called the Socrates program), in addition to higher education also promotes education, vocational and adult education. In the academic year 2008/2009 Europe 198 523 students took part in the program. 213,000 students were promoted in the academic year 2009/2010 already, which meant an increase of 7.4% over the previous year.
The central components are the recognition of studies abroad based on the European Credit Transfer System ( ECTS) and the financial support of exchange students. It can study visits, internships abroad during the study program, teaching assignments, and training are funded by general university staff. The Erasmus program is open to all students who study regularly at a participating university. The same applies to the teaching and administrative staff. However, a prerequisite is that the sending and the receiving institution have a bilateral agreement. Also need all the colleges that want to become active within the framework of the Erasmus program, a so-called Erasmus University Charter (Erasmus University Charter ).
In the Erasmus Mundus program (2009-2013) is, inter alia, promote the development of joint master's and doctoral programs through several colleges.
The Erasmus program be continued with other EU exchange programs from 2014 under the name of Erasmus .
Financing
The total budget of the program amounts to about 450 million euros annually from the EU budget, which in turn is funded by contributions from the member countries. The program funds will be made pro rata according to the respective national student numbers on the National Agencies participating universities on whose applications are available. For Germany, the DAAD, for Austria the Austrian Exchange Service Corporation (OAD ) and for Switzerland CH Foundation in Solothurn is responsible. Universities and national agencies have little leeway in designing the financing of exchanges and measures. For Germany, the normal mobility allowance was last about 200 euros per person per month. Students with special needs (such as disabled) can get it approved much more. This amount, however, depends on the number of Erasmus students in each year. The universities inform on your web pages over the expected amount and terms (installments ) of the payout. On May 9, 2012, registered with Fraternité 2020, the first European Citizens' Initiative. This aims to make 3% of the EU budget available for future EU exchange programs such as Erasmus (currently, the figure is 1.2%). To be successful, one million signatures must be collected until 1 November 2013.