Erft
Lower reaches of the Erft in Bergheim
Erftstraße is almost 107 km long left-sided or southwestern tributary of the Rhine in North Rhine -Westphalia ( Germany ).
Geography
Course
The former fish-rich river rises on the northwestern edge of the members of the Eifel Ahrgebirges in the district of Euskirchen. Its source is located below the Himbergs (550 m above sea level. NN ) at Nice Home Holzmülheim.
From there Erftstraße initially flows in a northeasterly and then mainly in northern directions. In the upper reaches it first flows through the flood retention basins Eicherscheid and then the town of Bad Münster Eifel. Later she touched Euskirchen and Weilerswist where it is at the motorway junction Bliesheim of the A61 and then crossed by the A 553.
North of Weilerswist it receives its largest tributary, the Swist, passes under the A1 and then flows along the A61 over Kerpen - the A4 east of the Cross Kerpen passing - and Bergheim to Bedburg. Before Grevenbroich Erftstraße crosses under the A 540 and reached Neuss, where it only crosses the A57 and then south of Josef Cardinal Frings Bridge ( Dusseldorf ) opens at Neuss Grimlinghausen into the Rhine. Thither she was transferred in 1475 during a military siege. In its course the waters of the Erft flows through three districts and their respective county towns; downriver seen are: Euskirchen with Euskirchen, Rhein -Erft with Bergheim and Rhein-Kreis Neuss Neuss with.
In Neuss water is cut off from the Erft to top Erft to a barrage.
Tributaries
Among the tributaries of the Erft include ( downriver considered ):
Left-sided
- Eschweiler Bach
- Veybach
- Rotbach
- Neffelbach
Right-hand side
Towns
At the Erft - source to mouth - are these localities ( downriver considered ):
- Cute Home Holzmülheim
- Bad Münster Eifel -Schönau
- Bad Münstereifel
- Bad Münster - Eifel Iversheim
- Bad Münster - Eifel Arloff
- Euskirchen - Kreuzweingarten
- Euskirchen - Rheder
- Euskirchen - Stotz Home
- Euskirchen
- Euskirchen - Wüschheim
- Weilerswist - floor home
- Weilerswist Lommersum
- Weilerswist - house hamlet
- Weilerswist - destruction
- Weilerswist
- Erftstadt- Bliesheim
- Erftstadt- Liblar
- Erftstadt- Blessem
- Erftstadt- Dirmerzheim
- Erftstadt- Gymnich
- Kerpen- Bruggen
- Kerpen- Balkhausen
- Kerpen- Türnich
- Kerpen
- Kerpen- Horrem
- Bergheim Quad -Ichendorf
- Bergheim
- Bergheim- Zieverich
- Bergheim- Thorr
- Bergheim Paffendorf
- Bergheim- Glesch
- Bedburg
- Bedburg - Kaster
- Bedburg - Broich
- Grevenbroich- Frimmersdorf
- Grevenbroich- Gustorf
- Grevenbroich- Neuenhausen
- Grevenbroich
- Grevenbroich- Wevelinghoven
- Grevenbroich Chapels
- Grevenbroich- Hülchrath
- Neuss- wood home Minkel
- Neuss- wood home
- Neuss- Weckhoven
- Neuss- Selikum
- Neuss- Erfttal
- Neuss- Gnadental
- Neuss- Grimlinghausen
The Aachener Tor in Bergheim is the landmark of the Rhine- Erft District
Erft Gate in Kaster
Frimmersdorf power plant on the channelized Erft
Old and new Erft mouth on the Tranchot Card 1805
Water
Between Türnich and Bedburg Erftstraße is in places up to 20 meters wide. The river bed was moved several times; it had to give way to the brown coal mining and was straightened later. Erftstraße was a well-watered river by feeding the Sümpfungswassers from the lignite mining. 1955 led Erftstraße 5 m3 of water per second from, between 1965 and 1975 more than 26 m3 of water. By shifting the lignite mining in the direction Erkelenz Sümpfungswasser will no longer be derived in Erftstraße, but among other things seep in wetland of Schwalm -Nette valley in the future. This Erftstraße become a small river with a water flow of less than 3 m3 of water per second and thus change significantly their appearance. The Erftverband until 2015 at the Hombroich ( Neuss- wood home ) remove the embankments, so that the future can Erft looking for a new bed. In the area of Zubends in Wevelinghoven rambling old Erft beds from the Roman period are included in the renaturation concept of LVR. Dismantling is to be continued until 2045 to Bedburg.
Invasive species and neophytes in the Erft
Due to the warm water discharge from the lignite industry in Erftstraße can be dragged plant species such as Brazilian thousand leaves and South American Waterweed survive here. 300 million cubic meters warmed groundwater ( " Sümpfungswasser " ) are pumped out of the coal mining in Erftstraße annually. In addition, the cooling water comes from the lignite power plant Frimmersdorf. In winter, the average water temperatures are still 15 ° C and in summer 28 ° C. The middle reaches of the river is about 8 ° C warmer than the upper reaches. The hot water is supplied below Erftstadt. Already in the 1990s, anglers reported the three-time fishing for piranhas, which could not form their reproductive population in contrast to the sunfish, but merely suspended aquarium fish and were probably survived only a few months. In addition, can be found in the Erft guppies and Rotwangenschildkröten. For this reason, the BUND tried to stop the construction of the lignite power plant Neurath.
Invasive species in the Erft
- Branchiura sowerbyi, (sub-) tropical annelid of the family Naididae
- Asian Asian clam ( Corbicula fluminea ), East Asia, migrated from the Rhine in Erftstraße
- Big bump amphipod ( Dikerogammarus villosus ), Eastern Europe
- Zebra mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha ), Aralo - Caspian Basin
- Tabby flatworm ( Dugesia tigrina ), southern North America
- Mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis), China, immigrated from the Rhine in Erftstraße
- Istrian Assel ( Jaera istri ), Aralo - Caspian basin, migrated from the Rhine in Erftstraße
- American crayfish ( Oronectes limosus ), North America
- Gnome - mud snail ( Potamopyrgus antipodarum ), New Zealand
- Sunfish ( Lepomis gibbosus ), North America
- Stone moroko ( Pseudorasbora parva ), eastern Russia
- Jewelry slider (Trachemys scripta ), southern North America
Neophytes in the Erft
- Big Algenfarn ( Azolla filiculoides ), subtropical America
- Dichtblättrige Elodea ( Egeria densa ), South America
- Canadian Elodea ( Elodea canadensis), North America
- Duckweed ( Lemna aequinoctalis ), Tropical Warm Temperate Zone
- Duckweed ( Lemna minuta ) Tropical - Warm Temperate Zone
- Milfoil / Brazilian milfoil ( Myriophyllum aquaticum ), subtropical South America
- Water lettuce ( Pistia stratiodes ), tropical / subtropical
- Mexican oak leaf ( Shinnersia rivularis ), Central America
- Schraubenvallisnerie ( Vallisneria spiralis ), tropics / subtropics
See also: bioinvasion
History
Was first documented Erftstraße in the 7th century. They first called " Arnapa ", later " Arnefe " and " Arlefe ". Finally, it was found in 1320 the name " arfe ".
After the river Erft Erftstadt and Erftkreis January 1, 1975 as part of the newly formed district reform in 1969 named. The Erftkreis was renamed on 1 November 2003 in Rhein -Erft. Two railway lines, railway Erftstraße Bedburg - Horrem and Erftstraße Valley Railway Euskirchen - Bad Münster Eifel, as well as two regional transport routes, the Rhein-Erft-Express/Rhein-Erft-Bahn and Erftstraße train are named after the river.
Attractions
Located on the banks of the Erft among other interesting castles, abbeys, castles ( downriver considered ):
- Hardt castle in Euskirchen - Stotz Home
- Türnich Castle in Kerpen- Türnich
- Hemmersbach Castle in Kerpen- Horrem
- Frenser Castle
- Schloss Paffendorf in Bergheim
- Castle Bedburg Bedburg ( in 1589 the scene of the famous werewolf process )
- Grevenbroicher Castle in Grevenbroich
- Wölkersburg in the city park in Grevenbroich- Wevelinghoven
- Moth in Zubend in Grevenbroich- Wevelinghoven
- Old Rectory in Grevenbroich- Wevelinghoven
- Monastery Langwaden in Grevenbroich
- Castle Hülchrath in Grevenbroich- Hülchrath
- Castle Reuschenberg in Neuss- Selikum
In addition:
- Museum Hombroich in Neuss- wood home
- Several moths and water mills
Recreation
Along the Erft well-maintained cycling paths, 110 km long Erft cycle path from the source to the mouth.
Erftstraße is used by kayak riders, a popular tour starts at the Erprather mill and performs on the Roman Bridge ( kayak slalom course ) to the Rhine.