Ernst Ferdinand Klein

Ernst Ferdinand Klein ( born September 3, 1744 Breslau, † March 18, 1810 in Berlin) was a German lawyer and prominent member of the Berlin Enlightenment. He was a member of the Berlin Wednesday Society, a secret society that called itself the Society of Friends of the Enlightenment.

Klein visited in his home town of Breslau school and studied from 1763 at the University Hall at Daniel Nettelbladt law. After graduation, he worked as a lawyer in Wroclaw. There, the reconnaissance made ​​proposals for changes in the law of civil procedure and published some work on the legislative process. Thus, the Prussian Minister of State Carmer was aware of him who called him in 1781 a Commission for the creation of a general land laws for the Prussian states (ALR ). In particular ALR were the sections on marriage and criminal law in essential parts on small back. In addition, he wrote other works on criminal law.

From 1788 to 1807 were classified as "Royal Prussian Kammergerichtsrat " the annals of legislation and jurisprudence in the Prussian States out which was published by his friend Friedrich Nicolai. They contained the following sections: " Strange legal cases ", " decisions of the Law Commission," " decisions of the Jurisdictions commission ", " essays and messages." Some processes have been commented. Klein's posts related in particular to the marriage and criminal law.

From 1789 he was a member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences. From 1791 to 1800 he taught as a professor of the Faculty of Law at the University of Halle, whose university he was the director temporarily. Here he developed the so-called " Safety Precautions " with which repeat offenders from continuing to commit crimes should be prevented, the idea of ​​a preventive punishment. After 1800 he was in Berlin again in the legislative Commission and the Upper Tribunal.

Klein was one of the teachers of the brothers Alexander and Wilhelm von Humboldt. He was a Mason in the Berlin Loge L' amitié and 1801-1809 Grand Master of the Grand Lodge Royal York.

Works

  • (Ed.) Annals of the legislation and jurisprudence in the Prussian States, 24 volumes, Friedrich Nicolai, Berlin and Stettin 1788-1807
  • Liberty and property, dealt with in eight talks on the decisions of the French National Assembly (1790) (reprint: Scriptor Verlag 1977)
  • Principles of natural law, together with a history of same Scriptor Reprints, 1979
  • On the nature of civil society (1797 )
  • On the nature and purpose of the punishment, in: Archives of the Criminal Law ( ArchCrR ) 2 ( 1800), First piece (1799 ), p.60 - 93rd
  • Principles of the common German and Prussian embarrassing law. Hall 1796 ( 2nd ed Hall, 1799).
  • Professor Carl Grolman, in: ArchCrR 1 (1799 ), 4.Stück (1799 ), pp. 128-151.
  • To tolerate the difference between loss of liberty as a punishment and the future security of the state, with the opinion that the purpose of punishment is to prevent future crimes sey, in: ArchCrR 1 (1799 ), 2.Stück (1798 ), pp. 41 - 43
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