Eruca vesicaria
Senfrauke ( Eruca vesicaria )
The Senfrauke ( Eruca vesicaria ), it is also known as some other types of rocket, the only species of the monotypic genus Eruca within the family Brassicaceae is ( Brassicaceae). It is used as a crop for a long time.
- 4.1 Notes and references
Description
Vegetative characteristics
The Senfrauke grows as annual herbaceous plant. Plant parts can be smooth or rough hairy until stiff. The upright stem is usually branched. The initial or in the stem are arranged distributed leaves may be stalked. The basal leaves are stalked and the leaf blade is usually lyre-shaped - pinnately lobed, rarely they are doubly divided or simple. The stem leaves are sessile short stalked up to a maximum and the leaf blade is simple and toothed or pinnately divided.
Generative features
The first schirmtraubige inflorescence extended later to a racemose inflorescence. The hermaphrodite flowers are cruciform with double perianth. The four upright sepals are usually oblong. The four broad inverted egg-shaped, nailed petals are cream to yellow with dark brown to purple veins. The anthers are oblong to linear. There are four nectar glands present. The ovary contains from 10 to 50 ovules. The stylus is only rudimentary and conical scar is bilobed.
The stocky fruit stems are erect to ascending. The most lineal to oblong pods have a round up four-sided cross-section. The last segment contains no seeds. The bare or rough up stiffly hairy flaps have protruding veins. The Replum is rounded and the membranous septum is fully formed. Arranged in two rows of seed are more or less spherical to egg-shaped. The seed surface is slightly network and mucus in the wet state.
The basic chromosome number is x = 11
Occurrence
The Senfrauke is originally native from the Macaronesian Islands in the southern to southeastern Europe and in the northern, eastern and southern Africa. Furthermore, the distribution area extends over the Middle East to Central Asia.
System
This species was in 1753 under the name Brassica vesicaria by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, Volume 2, page 668, published first. She was commissioned in 1802 by Antonio José Cavanilles in Descripción de las Plantas, page 426 in the genus Eruca. The genus name Eruca 1754, first published by Philip Miller in The Gardeners Dictionary ..., 4th Edition, Volume 1. A synonym for Eruca is Velleruca Pomel. The botanical genus name Eruca is derived from the Latin word uro for burning and refers to the burning taste of the seeds.
The genus Eruca Mill belongs to the tribe Brassicaceae in the family Brassicaceae. Many erucic species have been published, but is only a species name valid.
There are in the genus Eruca just the way Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. with two subspecies:
- Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. vesicaria
- Garden Senfrauke ( Eruca sativa subsp vesicaria (Mill.) Thellung. ): She is a also known as rocket, widespread crop.
Swell
- Ihsan A. Al - Shehbaz: Eruca in the Flora of North America, Volume 7, 2010, p 455: Eruca - Online. (Classification and description of the genus and species )
- Tai - Yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan Al- Shehbaz & Vladimir Dorofeev: Brassicaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 8, 2001, p 24: Eruca - Online. (Classification and description of the genus and species )