Eschau

Template: Infobox church in Germany / Maintenance / market

Eschau is a market in the Lower Franconian district of Miltenberg.

  • 2.1 Etymology
  • 2.2 Earlier spellings
  • 3.1 Amalgamations
  • 3.2 Demographics and distribution
  • 3.3 religions
  • 3.4 Jewish Community
  • 5.1 Economy, agriculture and forestry
  • 5.2 traffic
  • 6.1 educational institutions
  • 6.2 Attractions
  • 7.1 freeman

Geography

Geographical Location

Eschau located in the southwestern Spessart on the Elsava in the Bavarian Lower Main region. The highest elevation within the municipal area is the Agnes height with 513 meters, near the Geishöhe.

Community structure

To Eschau includes ten districts on the 5 districts Eschau, Hobbach, Oberaulenbach, Sommerau and Wildensee:

  • Eschau Unteraulenbach
  • Wildenstein
  • Wildenthal
  • Sommerau Schafhofstraße
  • Hofwildensee

Neighboring communities

Name

Etymology

The town's original name is composed of the Middle High German word ask, which means ash. It was derived by a Kollektivsuffix - ahi, so that there is an explanation ash wood. Later, it was with the Early New High German root word au ( meadow) provided. The same root name inserted in the river Aschaff and named after their places.

Earlier spellings

History

Archaeological finds attest to a pre- Neolithic settlement in the region. The ruin Wildenstein and moated castles Sommerau and Oberaulenbach tell of a past steeped in history.

Similar to the rieneckische main town of Lohr am Main, Eschau emerged as a planned expansion of an existing settlement. Together with the Wildenstein Castle and founded by the acorns Rien 1232 convent Himmelthal Eschau formed the power base - the largest enclosed territory - the Counts of Rieneck in south- Spessart. The Rien -nuts but he failed to expand during the clashes with the Archbishopric of Mainz 1260-1271 their territory. Burg Wildenstein and Eschau remained an enclave in mainzischem area. In January 1271, the Count had to submit to the Archbishop of Mainz ( Kurmainz ) unconditionally at a meeting in Aschaffenburg.

Market rights were Eschau awarded with a certificate from the June 7, 1285 under the Roman-German King Rudolf of Habsburg.

The Office Wildenstein had been described in the final award document to the Rienecker 1545 as follows: " the Veste Wildenstein, village Wildenstein, Heyde creek on this side of the Main river (Klein Heubach ) and Ash ( Eschau ) with tithes, church records, etc.; the villages Willensee ( Wildensee ) Hofstädten ( Hofstetten ); the hamlet rear Bach ( departed ) and Ulnbach ( Unteraulenbach ) and the half- cent to the oak. " 1559 died Count Philip III. of Rieneck last male member of his family. The brother of Philip III. of Rieneck, Count George I of Erbach was now invested with the office Wildenstein. Until the mediatization 1806 the Counts of Erbach were the masters of Eschau.

The monastery Himmelthal, a former Cistercian monastery - now belonging to the market Else field - was founded in 1232 by Count Ludwig II of Rieneck and his wife Adelheid von Henneberg. 1568 lifted the archdiocese of Mainz on the extinct monastery and made ​​it the erzstiftischen Kameralhof. This was left to the Jesuits in 1595 and 1626 paid. With the dissolution of the Jesuit order in 1773, the estate reverted to the Archbishopric of Mainz.

The market Eschau was an official in 1806 by the Prince Primate von Dalberg ( Principality of Aschaffenburg / Grand Duchy of Frankfurt) mediated Wildenstein rule of the Counts of Erbach, which fell only to Austria and a little later to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1814.

With the commissioning of the railway line upper castle -Else -field Heimbuchenthal in January 1910 and was Eschau the breakpoint " Eschau - Sommerau " traffic- connected with the station " Eschau monk mountain " to the valley.

On the history of Eschau also includes the time of the Third Empire from 1933 to 1945. Three Jewish citizens / inside ( Gustav and Flora Wolf from Sommerau and Jendele Marx Eschau ) were deported and perished in Auschwitz and Theresienstadt concentration camp. More Jewish citizens / inside were relocated to other places and could their lives, in part, save by emigration. Also the Sommerauer master tailor Adam Englert came over the Dachau concentration camp in Mauthausen ( Austria ) and lost his life there.

Incorporations

On January 1, 1978, the then independent municipality Wildensee, which had been increased on 1 April 1977 at parts of the territory of the municipality of Old book with then about 25 inhabitants, incorporated into the market Eschau. On 1 May 1978, the formerly independent communities came - each with its own history - Hobbach and Sommerau ( with Oberaulenbach ) added.

Population development and distribution

Distribution of 4213 inhabitants in the year 2008 after year of classes:

  • Under 6 years: 206
  • 06-14 years: 0365
  • 15-17 years: 0138
  • 18-24 years: 0384
  • 25-29 years: 0273
  • 30-49 years: 1252
  • 50-64 years: 0841
  • Aged 65 and over: 754

Religions

The district Eschau with its hamlets Wildenstein and Unteraulenbach and the district Wildensee predominantly belong to the Evangelical Lutheran denomination. In the district of Eschau is the seat of the Protestant parish office and priest.

The residents of Sommerau with Oberaulenbach and Hobbach mostly belong to the Roman Catholic denomination. In the district Sommerau is the seat of the Roman Catholic parish office and priest.

Jewish Community

1933 (1938) there were in Eschau 19 (2) and in Sommerau 7 ( 2) Jewish citizens and Jewish Community Eschau - Sommerau. As a teacher, cantor and shochet worked until his emigration to Palestine in 1937, Leopold Lehmann.

Religion in Eschau 1933 (980 inhabitants): Protestants 85.1 %; Catholics 13.0 %; Jews ( 19 inhabitants ) 1.9%

Religion in Sommerau 1933 (430 inhabitants): Catholics 81.9 %; Protestants 16.3%; Jews (7 people) 1.6%

Policy

Result of the local elections of March 2, 2008:

First Mayor Michael Günther ( SPD). The market council chose Joachim Pfeifer ( UWE) for the second and Manfred Zimmermann ( HWG ) for the third mayor.

The market council consists of 16 members, which are divided as follows:

  • SPD 6 seats
  • CSU 4 seats
  • Independent voters Community Eschau ( UWE) 3 seats
  • Hobbacher Wählergemeinschaft ( HWG ) 3 seats

Economy and infrastructure

Eschau has a share in the Spessart Nature Park, and thus also on tourism, holiday and cycling routes pass through the town.

Economy, agriculture and forestry

It was in 1998 according to official statistics in the field of agriculture and forestry eight, 332 in manufacturing and in trade and transport 56 persons work at the workplace. In other areas, were employed to social security at the workplace 135 people. Social insurance contributions at residence, there were a total of 1478. In manufacturing, there was an operation in the construction of eight farms. In addition, in 1999, there were 63 farms with an agricultural area of 758 ha, of which 407 ha of arable land and 345 ha of permanent grassland.

Traffic

Eschau lies with the districts Sommerau and Hobbach at the " tourist route Alpine Baltic Sea", on state road 2308 between the upper castle (B 469 ) and Mespelbrunn or Rohrbrunn (A 3). To the east, about 9 km from Eschau, lies the district Wildensee. Since 2000, the district Eschau is relieved by a ring road through traffic. A continuation of planning for Sommerau waiting for their realization.

Mostly on the former railway line upper castle -Else -field Heimbuchenthal runs a bike path through Eschau. By the Main with Else field is eight kilometers away.

Education and Culture

Educational institutions

There are the following facilities (as of 1999):

  • Kindergartens: In the market Eschau there are 3 kindergartens ( Eschau, Sommerau, Hobbach ) with 200 kindergarten places with 162 children.
  • Elementary school: "Valentine Piper Elementary School " ( elementary and middle school ) with 20 teachers and 326 students.

Attractions

  • In the OT Eschau: The Old Town Hall from the 17th century ( around 1690 ) and the newly established in 2010 Sweden wells, the Protestant Epiphany parish, kept half- timbered houses (15th- 18th c. ).
  • In the OT Hobbach: The old church of "St. John the Baptist" (18th century) and the new church " Visitation ", which is partly built over the Elsava; the former Hobbacher Iron Hammer, now a school camp.
  • In the OT Sommerau: The moated castle Sommerau with former economic and administrative building of the aristocratic local lords and the park. The Catholic parish church of " St. Lawrence " ( Neo-Gothic ), popularly known as " Spessartdom " ( 1913-1921 ). The architect was the Mainz Cathedral architect Ludwig Becker. In addition to the parish church is the old half-timbered house from 1822 school (private). The old, deconsecrated parish church ( originally 14th century), which currently represents in a bad state.
  • In OT Oberaulenbach: The moated castle Oberaulenbach and its former economic and administrative building of the aristocratic local lords.
  • In the OT Wildensee: The small Protestant church " to the Good Shepherd ."
  • In OT Wildenstein: The ruin Wildenstein with his hamlet.

The Archaeological Spessart - Project and the Spessart collar coordinate the development of the cultural landscape Spessart by the European Cultural Routes. Within the market Eschau been two culture methods were applied. Route 1 - Burg Wildenstein, Route 2 - Hobbach (water castle Oberaulenbach ).

In addition, numerous attractions are nearby, such as Mespelbrunn Castle, the county town of Miltenberg and the wine town of Klingenberg or the former county town Obernburg.

Personalities

  • Karl Heinrich Caspari (* 1815 in Eschau, † 1861 in Munich ) was a Protestant pastor and popular writer. A street in Eschau and a commemorative plaque on the Eschenauer rectory remember him.
  • Elmar Freiherr von Haxthausen (1839-1910) was in Neisse / Silesia ( now Poland ) born 1839. He was in the Prussian army. At 33, he took his leave, came in 1872 as a privateer to Sommerau and bought there, the former administrative building of the Barons of Fechenbach. The amateur archaeologist was a serious scientist for that time. Haxthausen lived from 1872 to 1897 in Sommerau. He died in 1910 in Darmstadt.
  • Dr. Richard Wehsarg (1862-1946), from 1897, a doctor and medical officer in Sommerau. He was born in Hille home at Oppenheim. Before he settled in Sommerau, he ran a sanatorium, the so-called " Sanatorium " in the buildings of the disused 1888 Hobbacher iron hammer in the "Villa Elsava ". Even in his house, opposite the castle in Sommerau which he bought in 1897 by Baron von Haxthausen Elmar, Wehsarg operating a medical practice and a sanatorium. He founded in 1906 the monthly magazine " Spessart " and was its editor for several years. He was also a driving force behind the construction of the so-called Elsavatal Railroad. Dr. Richard Wehsarg and his wife Mary née Wagner (1857-1920) are buried in the cemetery in Sommerau. A street in Sommerau reminded of him.
  • The expressionist painter Fritz Schaefler was born in 1888 in Eschau. Here he spent his childhood until 1900. A plaque at his birthplace in Eschau reminded of him.
  • The best known as a portrait painter Oskar Hagemann (1888-1984) lived and worked from 1917 to 1920 in Sommerauer castle. For a longer residence was not enough with the "environment ". His wife Gertrud ( brush thinners ) Pedigree - Hagemann ( 1891-1939 ) was an artistic and literary activities. She is the author of the book " muzhik " - From the Life of a horse. This story, she plays in Sommerau and environment, was published after her death in 1940 ..
  • Hans Jürgen Fahn comes from Sommerau. Fahn is a politician of the Free Voters and since October 2008 Member of the Bavarian Parliament. He was until 2008 worked as a high school teacher at Hermann Staudinger school in Erlenbach am Main.
  • The CSU politician Rüth Berthold was born in 1958 in market Eschau Hobbach. It's 2003 Member of the Bavarian Parliament since 6 October.
  • Klaus Miltenberger ( born 1963 ), from Hobbach, educationalists in Munich, is a well known author of children's games.

Freeman

  • Commerce Valentin Piper (1837-1909), owner of the sugar factory Pfeifer & Langen in Cologne, promoted in 1906 with a generous donation ( to the memory of his grandfather, who was born in Sommerau ) the construction of the New Sommerauer parish church " St. Lawrence ". In 1907 he was made an honorary citizen of the community Sommerau.
  • The teacher and local historian Valentin Pfeifer was born in 1886 in Sommerau. He was for many years a teacher at the Luitpold school in Aschaffenburg and last rector at the elementary school in Aschaffenburg Damm. He was also a collector, author and narrator of fairy tales, stories and legends that have played in the Spessart. In 1956 he was made an honorary citizen of the community Sommerau. A street in the district of Aschaffenburg Damm and in Sommerau remember him and the elementary school ( elementary and middle school) in Eschau bears his name. Valentin P. is buried in an honorary grave in the forest cemetery in Aschaffenburg (graveyard C -10).
  • Peter Seubert (1908-2001) was a priest in the parish of " St. Lawrence " Sommerau 1957-1975. During his active assistance in the late 1950s was in Sommerau the new rectory and 1963-64 in Hobbach the new church " Visitation " built. Honorary citizen of the communities Sommerau and Hobbach he was in 1975 or 1976. Seubert is buried in the priest 's grave in the cemetery Sommerauer.
  • Willy Backert, pastor in Eschau 1947 to 1978, in 1978 became an honorary citizen of the market Eschau.
  • Otto Halk since 1974 has been pastor in the parish of " St. Lawrence " Sommerau and since 1977 pastor. On November 10, 2013, was 70 at the time, honorary citizen of the market Eschau.

Curiosities

" Kla Paris " is the Ortsneckname of Eschau, which was the commercial center of the Elsavatalgemeinden in the 19th century with four annual fairs and six cattle markets. It also had a doctor, a pharmacy and the forester's house. However, the nickname is also back on the immigrant French, who created a " Protestant island with a pastor " in the midst of a Catholic dominated area.

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