Eurotiomycetes
Aspergillus niger
The Eurotiomycetes are a class of Ascomycota. To her include many important molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium.
Features
Morphologically the Eurotiomycetes are very diverse. The fruit bodies ( ascomata ) are cleistothecia, perithecia or Ascostromata. Most species have asci with simple wall ( prototunicat ), which are formed in a Kleistothecium. The asci are thereby released only after the collapse of the asci and the fruiting bodies. This is considered a derived form, while the two-layer ( bitunicate ) asci are viewed with ejection mechanism in an open fruiting bodies than originally.
Today the fungi previously referred to as Plectomycetes be counted to class. The morphological characteristics are: thin, prototunicate asci; Ascomata in which the asci scattered are formed in the cavity; unicellular ascospores; Ascomata form of gymnothecisch to kleistothecisch without an ostiole ( opening); the anamorphs are highly variable and phialoblastisch and thallic hyphomycetisch.
Way of life
The Eurotiomycetes are ecologically very diverse group. The species live as Saprobionten, parasites, pathogens or as Flechtenbildner.
System
The Eurotiomycetes are a natural kinship group, a monophyletic taxon.
Eurotiomycetes to seven orders are counted that are divided into three subclasses.
- Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae order Chaetothyriales
- Order Pyrenulales
- Order Verrucariales
- Order Coryneliales
- Order Eurotiales
- Order Onygenales
- Order Mycocaliciales
A cladogram is as follows:
Chaetothyriales
Verrucariales
Pyrenulales
Onygenales
Eurotiales
Coryneliales
Mycocaliciales
Importance
Are found particularly in the subclass of Eurotiomycetidae many economically and medically important representatives: they form toxic and / or useful secondary metabolites such as antibiotics ( penicillin) or citric acid ( Aspergillus niger), are used to produce food (various molds) or by enzymes. Aspergillus nidulans is a genetic model organism.