Exeter College, Oxford

The Exeter College is one of the oldest constituent colleges of the University of Oxford.

History

In 1314 founded Walter de Stapeldon, a native of Devon Bishop of Exeter and Treasurer of the English king, college. Main reason for the establishment of the college was the fact that de Stapeldon needed a place for the training of priests for his diocese. This tradition continued, many students in the early centuries of the existence of the college came from the regions of Devon and Cornwall. From its founding, the College derives also the original name: Stapeldon Hall.

The college is today exactly in its original location in the Turl Street in the heart of Oxford. However, it has survived of the medieval buildings, only the Palmer 's Tower, the times, a small tower-like building near the chapel.

Large parts of the present buildings date from the 17th and the early 18th century, when the College was one of the most influential centers of learning in Britain. However, as a consequence stagnated the development of the colleges as well as the development of the entire university. Only in the 19th century could be connected to old size again. Among other things, studied and worked the eminent artist William Morris at this time at the College, as well as Edward Burne -Jones. Some works of the two artists can be found today in the buildings, especially in the chapel, but also in the so-called Morris Room.

The most famous graduate of the 20th century is likely to be the philologist and writer J. R. R. Tolkien, who later became Professor of the University of Oxford was.

At the present time the College, with approximately 38 fellows and 450 students ( approximately a third of Graduate Students ) a medium-sized college of the University of Oxford. All major humanities and natural sciences are represented at the College.

In 1978, women were first admitted to the university and in 1993, the Exeter College was the first of the formerly accessible only to men colleges, which elected a woman to the rector.

Building

The oldest part of the college is built in the Middle Ages Palmer 's Tower, named after a rector of the 15th century.

In 1618, the dining room ( dining hall ) was built, along with a now -defunct chapel. The rest of the arranged around the front courtyard building was built in 1672-1710.

In structural terms, the college is dominated by the massive chapel, which was built on the site of the old chapel in 1850. It was built in the style of Victorian Gothic architecture inspired by the Sainte -Chapelle in Paris. The extremely colorful windows depict biblical scenes dar. impressive is the wooden pews for the worshipers. Furthermore there is as well most precious treasure a tapestry of artist William Morris in the chapel. The organ is more recent, but unfolds in the great chapel an impressive sound.

In the 20th century, extensive renovations were carried out, and built a new extension, which is built around a second courtyard behind the chapel.

Famous students

  • Tariq Ali ( born 1943 ), author, filmmaker and historian
  • Anthony Ashley -Cooper (1621-1683), politician, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury
  • Martin Amis ( b. 1949 ), writer
  • Roger Bannister ( born 1929 ), Athlete and neurologist
  • Sydney Brenner (* 1927), biologist, Nobel Prize winner
  • Edward Burne -Jones (1833-1898), painter
  • Richard Burton (1925-1984), actor
  • Edgar F. Codd (1923-2003), mathematician and database theorist, Turing award winners
  • William Courtenay (1342-1396), Archbishop of Canterbury, Lord Chancellor, Bishop of Hereford and London
  • John Eliot (1592-1632), politician
  • Geoffrey Fisher (1887-1972), Archbishop of Canterbury and Primate of the Church of England
  • John Ford (1586-1639), playwright ( studying at Exeter College not secured )
  • Liaquat Ali Khan (1896-1951), first Prime Minister of independent Pakistan
  • Charles Lyell (1797-1875), geologist
  • William Morris (1834-1896), painter, architect, poet, craftsman, engineer and printer
  • Chris Murphy (born 1973 ), American politician, Congressman
  • William Onslow (1853-1911), politician, 4th Earl of Onslow, Governor of New Zealand
  • Arthur Peacocke (1924-2006), biochemist and theologian
  • Philip Pullman ( born 1946 ), writer
  • Qian Zhongshu (1910-1998), Chinese writer and scholar
  • Alex Quaison - Sackey (1924-1992), Ghanaian politician and diplomat
  • Will Self ( born 1961 ), writer and journalist
  • Imogen Stubbs ( born 1961 ), actress
  • JRR Tolkien (1892-1973), writer and philologist
  • John Walter III (1818-1894), owner and publisher of the Times
  • Nicholas Thomas Wright ( born 1948 ), Anglican Bishop of Durham
Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury William Courtenay (Archbishop of Canterbury) John Eliot (statesman) John Ford (dramatist) Alex Quaison-Sackey John Walter (third) All Souls College, Oxford Balliol College, Oxford Brasenose College, Oxford Corpus Christi College (Oxford) Green Templeton College, Oxford Hertford College, Oxford Jesus College (Oxford) Keble College, Oxford Kellogg College, Oxford Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford Lincoln College (Oxford) Merton College, Oxford Nuffield College, Oxford Oriel College, Oxford Pembroke College (Oxford) St Cross College, Oxford St Edmund Hall, Oxford Somerville College, Oxford University College (Oxford) Wadham College, Oxford Wolfson College (Oxford)
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