Fântânele, Arad

Fântânele (also Fintinele German Engelsbrunn, Hungarian Angyalkút or until 1899 Kisfalud ) is a town in Arad County, Banat, Romania. The municipality Fântânele also the village Tisa Nouă heard ( German: Wiesenhaid ).

Location

Fântânele located in the northern part of Banat, in the plane, on the southern banks of the river Mures. Right through the village leads the connecting road Arad - Lipova ( Lippa ). The nearest town is 6 km from Arad. Neighboring villages are in the West Klein Sankt Nikolaus, to the east Schöndorf, in the north and in the south Glogowatz Wiesenhaid.

The site is flat and is about 15 meters higher than the water level of the river Mures, so that it is protected against flooding. Belonging to Engelsbrunn surfaces consist of fields, nurseries, vineyards and orchards and meadows. Forest none exists.

Neighboring towns

History

Before the Austrian colonization in 1766, there were, in the resort in Ried Walachenort at today's Brickyard some houses. The inhabitants are said to have Romanians, possibly gypsies. In the years 1760-1766 they are moved partly by Klein Sankt Nikolaus, partly by Lippa ( been ) be. The houses collapsed or were probably removed. They made no closed townscape, but were lined up in a line along the Maros. The new location was close to these houses.

After transferring the nationalists village about 1766 the place of Samuel Carl Edler von Neumann Buchholt is new with 97 homes for 352 German. Until September 11, 1766 had been instructed in Kisfaluda 97 colonists families with 352 persons to the settlement. From the laid down for the settlement of people end 1766 had already died 13.

The settlers came primarily from the Trierischer ( Rhineland ), Lorraine, Luxembourg and Saarland. A total of 104 families were settled with about 500-600 people in Engelsbrunn.

Naming

The original name for the place where the current is Fântânele was probably Kisfalu (da), which means Hungarian " small village ".

1768 was investigated in a petition to the Banco Court deputation, giving the place to the German name " Englewood Brunn ". The founder, Carl Samuel Neumann Edler von Buchholt had, namely let stand on the fountain in the center of the village an angel. He should protect the water. Today is the park in front of the church on the former Fountain, a pedestal with an angel of sheet metal on top.

Between 1867 and 1918 the village was in the course of Magyarization the Hungarian name Kisfalud or 1899 Angyalkút.

After 1918 was used officially re- named Engelsbrunn, from 1948 it was given the name Fântânele ( Romanian " wells ").

Demographics

The initial number of inhabitants doubled by 1811, reaching in 1940 a value of 2080, the percentage of Germans in the total population of the original 100 % leveled off between 88 % and 95 %.

After the outbreak of the Second World War began in 1940 in Engelsbrunn the German population decrease. Many men had in the Romanian Army A service provider. 1943 145 men were drafted for military service in the German army. 49 Of the 145 men have fallen. Many were captured and were released after Germany. In January 1945 161 persons were deported to Russia, died 42 thereof. Of the deported to Russia some were released after Germany.

Since the spring of 1945 the Germans were expropriated in Romania, many saw no future in the home and remained in Germany or moved to America. Thus began gradually emigration. First tried those emigrating, born in America and American citizens were. The next were the teachers. Obviously, they were preferred exit permits, so as to provide a reason, the German schools or the German lessons thin out more and more.

In the 70s, at the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Romania was one of the signatories of the Helsinki Agreement, which allowed to leave if 1st degree abroad, that lived in the West. So the family reunification began. But there were a few who got to leave.

The great migration began with the visitors in the Federal Republic, which did not return and the families then brought over. Everyone tried to get free in any way. Some bought with money freely - there were substantial sums paid to get the pass. In December 1989, after the fall of Ceauşescu, it quickly went downhill with the German population in Engelsbrunn. Today live in Engelsbrunn only very few German (2011 there were 22), as many left the home that had never had planned to emigrate.

Personalities

• Josef Zauner, publisher and pioneer of European integration, was born on November 18, 1895 in Engelsbrunn.