Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front

The Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional ( FMLN ) ( to German: Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front ) is a political party in El Salvador. She was originally an alliance of different, but the majority of left-wing forces that had joined forces in 1980 to fight the then military dictatorship. This was supported militarily and politically by the U.S..

History

Guerrilla

The FMLN was originally founded in 1980 as a Marxist -oriented merger of revolutionary movements. Over 12 years led the FMLN guerrilla war against the then military dictatorship in El Salvador. The armed forces of the guerrillas were composed of individual associations of communists, Christians, and trade unionists.

On 17 December 1979 formed after lengthy negotiations three guerrilla groups FPL, RN and PCS, the Coordinadora Politico - Militar (CPM ). Previously, there was in the 1970s because of different views and practices disputes and organizations worked together despite similar goals hardly. On 10 January 1980, the CPM gave her first manifesto on the day it was with the Coordinadora Revolucionaria de Masa an association of revolutionary mass organizations founded. On 22 May 1980, the Dirección Revolucionaria Unificada (DRE ) was founded by the groups. The DRU consisted of three members each of the founding organizations. They declared that henceforth only "a guide, a military plan and only one command, only one political line " will give.

On October 10, 1980, the four organizations formed the Frente Farabundo Martí de Liberación Nacional ( FMLN ). The organization was named after the rebel leader Farabundo Martí, the workers and peasants who led a rebellion in 1932.

In December 1980, the Salvadoran branch of the Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores Centroamericanos split from this organization and merged with the FMLN. This was the FMLN from the following organizations ( in order of their size at the time of the peace agreement in 1992 ):

• Fuerzas de Liberación Popular " Farabundo Marti" (FPL )
• Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación (FAL) Partido Comunista de El Salvador the (PCS )
• Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP )
• Resistencia Nacional ( RN )
• Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores Centroamericanos ( PRTC )

In addition, there were the following youth organizations:

• Juventud Farabundista (FPL )
• Juventud Comunista Salvadoreña (PCS )
• Juventud Revolucionaria (PRS )
• Jóvenes en Resistencia ( RN )
• Juventud los Muchachos ( PRTC )

On 10 January 1981, the FMLN launched a large- scale military offensive in the mid- 1980s she had at times up to two-thirds of the country under their control, it was advised not to travel due to the civil war, these parts of the country.

In August 1981, the governments of France in the " declaración Franco - Mexicana sobre El Salvador ( 1981) ," the FMLN recognized ( under François Mitterrand ) and Mexico ( under José López Portillo ) as a representative political force.

Political Party

After the armistice agreements in 1992, the FMLN was transformed from a guerrilla organization to a political party. In the last elections in El Salvador on March 16, 2003, she scored 34.0 % of the vote, winning 31 of 84 seats in Parliament. The presidential candidate of the FMLN Shafik Jorge Handal won on 21 March 2004 35.6%.

In January 2009, there were new elections, which was monitored by international observers in 2000. Frente Farabundo Martí was on the campaign trail next to the right-wing Alianza Republicana Nacionalista ( ARENA ) one of the dominant forces. The FMLN was the strongest party for the first time. They achieved a share of 42.6 %, exceeding the government ARENA party by about four percentage points.

In the presidential election on 15 March 2009 for the first time a candidate of FLMN could prevail with former journalist Mauricio Funes. Funes, who was not a member of the guerrilla during the Salvadoran military dictatorship, was considered a more moderate candidate; so he did not want to undo the introduced under the Conservative government privatizations.

In the presidential elections in 2014 Salvador Sánchez Cerén ran as candidate of the FMLN and received 49 percent of the vote.