Fat Thursday
With the Schmotzigen Thursday ( also Schmotziger Dunschtich, Schmotziga cod you, Dicker Thursday madman Thursday Schmotziga Dauschteg, Gombiger Doschdig, Gumpiger Dunschtig, Glombiger Doschdig or just Schmotziga, South Baden and Switzerland Dirty Dunschtig / Shrove Tuesday ) begins in the Swabian - Alemannic carnival the actual carnival time. He falls on the Thursday before Ash Wednesday. In many carnival strongholds parades are organized and celebrated road Fast Take, students " exempt " and the official duties and the town hall key from mayors to Shrove Tuesday passed symbolically to the fools. In many places (especially in the Alemannic region ) deep-fat fried carnival fritters be eaten ( a yeast cake ). In the Rhineland, they are under the name Mutzen, elsewhere known as curd balls.
It is followed by the Sooty or Bromige Friday.
History
Schmotzig is attributed to schmotzig within the meaning of schmotzig as dirty or as Alemannic expression of fat in the dictionary of Grimm. In the custom that is slaughtered and baked on Thursday, both the meanings of words are also included.
In many places Schmotziger Thursday was formerly celebrated with feast and merry masquerade. Since the late 19th or early 20th century also Hemdglunki parades are held on this day. In the high and late Middle Ages to the modern era carnival was the last chance before the Easter Lent again to eat meat.
The church cycle of the months, weeks and days, or the orientation of the people of the High and Late Middle Ages liturgical worship justified the name as bold, schmotzigen Thursday. Thursday was in the liturgical sequence of the week, that is, in the conditions imposed by the Catholic Church policies and prayers in the form of psalms, as the general slaughter and baking day. Wednesday had to be fasted; Friday was the day of remembrance of Christ - Jesus died on a Friday (Good Friday ) - is celebrated today as a day of fasting with fish dishes. Also Saturday is precipitated as a day of slaughter; took him to a relic of the Jewish faith influence. This means that the day is not about the morning starts, but the night before. Therefore, the Sunday starting Saturday late afternoon. On a half-day, it was not possible to accomplish the various operations of the sausage and meat production.
The holy Sunday was a working day according to the Bible out of the question. The Monday and Tuesday - from the liturgy, this was basically allowed - could not be used at Shrovetide than slaughter, since it made no sense to slaughter: The Ash Wednesday was close, as of this date no meat was allowed to be eaten. The excess meat would be spoiled. Therefore, it was natural to take the Thursday as slaughtering and baking day. Therefore, the people called this day again all sorts of cattle were processed into edible, the "fat, schmotzigen Thursday".
This also explains why today masked fools are still very traditional Fasnachten as Villingen, or Rottweil only on Schmotzigen Thursday, Carnival Monday and Tuesday to see and take place Removals: The Church's liturgy of the Middle Ages had such spectacles only on those days too. In later times, a butcher dance were performed in public at Schmotzigen Thursday in different places of the guild of butchers, should remember this old slaughter.
Names and customs
Digression: Weiberfastnacht in the Rhineland
In Aachen, the day is called Fat Thursday (see above remarks to Schmotz ), in the other Rhenish carnival areas he is usually referred to as "Indian " or " Women's Carnival ". The day marks where the transition from session to street carnival.
Alema African language area
Swabian- Alemannic Fastnacht
The term is used in the Swabian- Alemannic carnival almost exclusively. Depending on the region and the dialect speech Schmotziger Dunnschdig, Schmotziger Thursday Schmotziger cod you, Gompiger Thursday will be used. Gumpig its root has gumpen in Swabian, which means " funny sayings make " or " bounce ". In particular, the High Rhine, he is referred to as Faisse Dunnschdig. Faisse means fat.
In Constance residents are awakened in the districts by loud drummers and fanfares at Schmotzige Dunschtig between 6:00 clock. Students are released from their schools, given the "power" at City Hall. Then the street carnival starts in the evening and the Hemdglonkerumzug through the old town.
Bavarian- Swabian Fastnacht
In parts of Bavarian- Swabia it is pronounced " Glumpader Duuschde ". The word was derived from glumpig gumpig.
Swiss Fasnacht
The Lucerne Carnival starts with the " Schmotzige Donnschtig ".
Tyrol and South Tyrol
In Bavaria, Tyrol and South Tyrol, the day is commonly referred to as " madman Thursday". In Bavaria, this day is also called " ragged Thursday".