Fatehpur Sikri

Fatehpur Sikri (Hindi: फ़तेहपुर सीकरी, Fatehpur Sikri [ fʌt̪e ː si ː kri hpʊr ] ) is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India located with about 30,000 inhabitants, 40 kilometers south-west of Agra, former capital ( 1571-1585 ) of the Mughal Empire. The monuments of the city are under protection of UNESCO and the world cultural heritage of humanity.

Introduction

The former capital of the Mughal Empire under Mughal emperor Akbar (1542-1605) was built in 1569-1574. 1571 Akbar moved his court here, already in 1585 he moved the court but to Lahore, from where he could conduct his campaigns to the northwest better. In addition, the water supply of the city was probably insufficient. He consolidated as an outstanding diplomat and military strategist his newly gained territories through a policy of religious tolerance in dialogue with representatives of the major faiths.

Akbar married the first Mughal ruler, a Hindu, a Rajput princess from Amber and abolished the non-Muslims imposed special taxes. As he often won through marriage, the loyalty of local princes, he managed to introduce an efficient tax system that eventually enabled him to make Fatehpur Sikri build.

Despite his many wives he had long time no heirs, so he was seriously impressed when living in Sikri Sheikh Selim prophesied him three sons and the prophecy ( under the supervision of the Sheik, not in the harem ) also arrived. He Fatehpur Sikri was built to honor.

Royal Palace

Diwan-i -Am

The main palace and the Hofkomplex are obtained thanks to extensive restoration work of British archaeologists before India's independence in 1947 from Britain for the most part. Located in the palace complex "Diwan -i -Am " ( audience hall ) surrounded by porticoes and ornate, decorated with semi-precious stones Jali screens, was the focus of the most important celebrations, the subjects were allowed here direct their petitions to the rulers.

Diwan-i- Khas

In the northwest corner of the Diwan-i -Am is a simple archway opens onto a second courtyard, where the private audience hall " Diwan-i- Khas " is. A wonderfully sculptured pillar, the so-called Throne pillar on which rested the throne, is the center of the hall. Not far away are the three rooms of the Treasury, decorated with depictions of mythical sea creatures. In the center of the courtyard is the " Pachisi Court", a vast stone field for Pachisi.

House of the Turkish Sultana

The " Anup Talao Pavilion " (House of the Turkish Sultana ) is southwest of the Pachisi field. The house was probably the palace of Akbar's favorite of women, Sultana Begum Ruqayyah. It is decorated with balconies and wood carvings in the Kashmiri style, showing Turkish, Persian, and even Chinese influences. The building could have been a hammam ( steam room ) or Summer Manor.

Daulat Khana

Akbar's private palace, the " Daulat Khana " ( place of happiness ), lies on the other side of the garden. It consists of a number of richly decorated with ornaments buildings, which rest on pillars bell-shaped pedestals. On the ground floor is the library. Here the emperor, he himself was illiterate, read something from the approximately 50,000 manuscripts. Behind it lies the " Khwabgah " ( House of Dreams ), the imperial bedchamber, whose walls are faded Persian inscriptions.

Panch Mahal

The " Panch Mahal " or five -story palace, one of the most famous monuments in Fatehpur Zichri, rises northwest of the Khwabgah. It narrows to a single tower chamber and is supported by 176 different columns. The ground floor consists of 84 pillars, a significant number in Hindu astrology.

Women's quarters

In " Sunahra Makan ", located near the closed area woman of the court, should the mother of Akbar, Mariam Makani, or a lived by his wives. The building is also known as " Miriam's house" or " palace of the Christian queen ." In the traditions but nothing indicates a connection between the Emperor and a Christian.

The "Palace of Jodhbai ", the main harem, dominated the harem complex. He takes on an architectural blend of traditional Hindu and Muslim elements as well as the elegant, characteristic of Fatehpur Sikri tulips pattern.

Jami Masjid

Southwest of the palace is the " Jami Masjid " or Dargah Mosque, with the city of Fatehpur Sikri feet. The relatively small but inimitable " Mausoleum of Sheikh Salim Chishti " is the center of the Sufi shrine or Dargah. It was originally built mostly of red sandstone and covered later with marble. The delicate marble window ( jalis ) belong to the art Fullest what human hands have ever produced. Often childless women here pray and be blessed in the hope of finally conceive a child. Even Emperor Akbar got here the prediction by the Saints about his successor.

In the mosque of Sheikh Salim Chishti 's grave, a teacher of the Chishti Order is. For this reason, it also serves as a Sufi shrine.

The imposing " Buland Darwaza ", also known as Victory Gate after Akbar had conquered the city of Gujrat, was built around 1576. It is 54 meters high, to reach about 32 wide steps and represents the main input dar. In the yard, the " Zenana Rauza " is ( grave of the ladies ) and the " grave of Islam Khan ", one of the many buried here nobles.

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