Federico Moreno Torroba

Federico Moreno Torroba ( March 3, 1891 in Madrid, † September 12, 1982 ) was a Spanish composer.

Life

Federico Moreno Torroba received his first music lessons from his father, José Moreno Ballestro. Later, he then studied at the Conservatory of Madrid and was a student of Conrado del Campo.

Torroba initially composed symphonic works such as " Zoraida ", " Cuadros castellanos ", " La ajorca de oro ", " Capricho romántico " or the " Suite Castellana ". But soon follows Torroba musical fellow composers and turned to the Zarzuela to, and helped her as one of the great composers of this genre in the 20th century to blossom.

Has the " Zarzuela " even some similarity to the French " opéra comique " and the German Singspiel, or operetta. One could say that the Zarzuela is the Spanish sister of the " operetta". As this is characterized by alternately spoken and sung text, the " Zarzuela ".

Work

Torroba's first work was the opera " Las decicidas " and was first performed in the " Teatro Lara " from Madrid. In 1925 Torroba had most success with his first zarzuela " La mesonera de Tordesillas ." The libretto was written by Sepúlveda y Manzona. This work has historic character and tells the adventures of the King " Felipe IV". This was followed by works such as " Manola, la del porillo ", " La Arena March ", " Cascabeles ", " Baturra de temple", " El aguaducho ", " azabache y la zarzuela ".

On March 31, 1931, first performed " La chulapona ". This score was followed by the popular line Madrileña Madrid "La Revoltosa " and "La verbena de La Palona ", the music for a known religious festival in Madrid, on the eve of said cartridge celebrated. Torroba's most famous work " Luisa Fernanda " was premiered on 26 March 1932 at the " Teatro Calderón ". The libretto was written to Federico Romero and Guillermo Fernández Shaw. This famous work Torroba was now more than ten thousand times listed.

Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (1936) and the upcoming film put the Zarzuelabegeisterung a temporary end. The attempt of the Franco regime, to stylize the Zarzuela national symbol, was rejected. Only with the preparations for the 500th anniversary celebration of the discovery of America (1982 ) was remembered at the musical legacy.

After this forced break reappeared a new work by Torroba: " Monte Carmelo ", in collaboration with the two librettists Romero and Shaw. Next there was success with " La Caramba ", premiered in April 1942 at the " Teatro de la Zarzuela ". Here was the librettist for Luis Fernández Ardavin; " La moza illustrious ", " Los laurelos ", " El cantar del organillo ", " Sierra Morena ", " Una noche en Aravaca ".

Music for Guitar

In addition to his symphonic works, operas and zarzuela Torroba had the desire to create an independent, typical Spanish music because he was - such as also Manuel de Falla and many other Spanish composers - convinced of the importance of the guitar as Spain's national instrument. So he wrote during his life about a hundred works for the instrument. Some of the works have been inspired or commissioned by Andrés Segovia, but also other guitarists. He always wrote it in the spirit of Spanish folk music out, as is expressed for example, in the headings of his eight " Estampas " ( "Images") for four guitars: "A farmer's Fandango dancing - Backwaters - Harvest - Hard in the village - Daybreak - Wedding - Miihlenweg - Childish Games "But even in works without such programmatic themes and motifs, such as. the three-movement " Sonatina " for guitar and small orchestra, the musical themes and motifs speak a unique Spanish language.

Often Torroba proves in his sentences as a master of the miniature. In his " Puertas de Madrid ", " Pièces caractéristiques ", " Siete de Piezas album" or " Aires de la Mancha ". Regarding the compositional technique he used - formally speaking - often the song form ABA 'and the rondo form. The musical gestures often acts cheerful, paints a picture of a sunlit landscape and flatters the listener with its dance rhythms.

Honors

In 1935 Torroba was a member of the Académico de Bellas Artes and 1975, he was appointed President of the Sociedad de Autores Españoles. More than twenty years he was director of the theater " Calderón " and " de la Zarzuela " of Madrid and the Compania Nacional Lírica. The city of Madrid gave Torroba the Consiguió la medalla de oro de la Villa de Madrid.

Catalog of works for guitar

  • Concierto Iberico for guitar and orchestra (1976 )
  • Sonatina for four guitars and orchestra
  • Estampas for four guitars
  • Rafagas for four guitars
  • Aires de la Mancha
  • Anthology
  • Burgalesa
  • Nocturno
  • 6 Pièces caracteristiques
  • Preludio
  • Serenata burlesca
  • Sonatina
  • Triptico, 3 pieces
  • Punteado and Tacaneo Classico
  • Jaraneira
  • Suita castellana
  • Puertas de Madrid
  • Castillos de Espana
  • Madroños
  • Tres Preludios
List of Spanish composers Integrated Authority File
329126
de