Ferdinand III of Castile

Ferdinand el Santo, called the Holy ( born July 30 or August 5, 1199 in Zamora, † May 30, 1252 in Seville) was a king of Castile and Ferdinand II in 1230 when Ferdinand III. King of Castile and León.

Life

Ferdinand was the son of King Alfonso IX. born of León and Berenguela of Castile, daughter of Alfonso of the nobles of Castile, in 1199. It was after the death of his uncle, Henry I King of Castile in 1217, and after his father's death in 1230 by León, Galicia and Asturias in addition with some Castile now to one, indivisible, hereditary to the eldest son was united Kingdom. This laid the foundation for the size of Castile and destruction of the Moorish power was placed in Spain.

Ferdinand won after several victories over the Moors, especially in Jerez de la Guadiana in 1233, the revenue of Córdoba in 1236, the conquest of Jaén in 1246, 1248 Sevilla, Cádiz 1250 and other cities gradually control of large parts of the Iberian Peninsula, the Castilian rule ranged right up to the southern sea.

Only the Kingdom of Granada remained the Moors, but under Castilian rule. The result was a mass exodus of Muslims from the conquered by the Christians countries; those who remained were suppressed on hard way. Ever Ferdinand was a great enemy of heretical opinion; he founded several bishoprics, founded the Cathedral of Toledo and the University of Salamanca, did much to promote civil legislation great merit by the age of his son Código de las Partidas and the Romanesque translation of the rules applicable to the Moors of Cordoba Code and was for his services to the Catholic faith in 1671 by Pope Clement X canonized.

Progeny

On November 30, 1219, Ferdinand married in Seville, the daughter of the Roman-German King Philip of Swabia, Beatrix ( Isabella of Castile, * March / May 1205, † November 5, 1235 in Toro ). With her he had the following children:

  • Alfonso X (1221-1284), King of Castile and León
  • Fadrique (1223-1277)
  • Ferdinand ( 1225-1243/48 )
  • Eleonore ( 1227 -? )
  • Berenguela ( 1228-1288/89 ), nun at Las Huelgas
  • Heinrich, El Senador (1230-1304)
  • Philipp (1231-1274) ∞ Kristina Håkonsdatter of Norway, daughter of King Håkon IV
  • Sancho (1233-1261)
  • Juan Manuel (1234-1283)
  • Maria ( 1235 )

After Elizabeth's death in 1235, Ferdinand went to Johanna († 1279 ), daughter of Simon of Dammartin out of the house Mello and Countess of Ponthieu and Aumale, a marriage (before August 1237 ). They had the following children:

  • Ferdinand (1239-1269), Count of Aumale
  • Eleanor of Castile (1241-1290) ∞ Edward I, King of England
  • Luis (1243-1269)
  • Ximen ( 1244)
  • Juan ( 1245 )
Zamora, Spain Berengaria of Castile Henry I of Castile Toledo, Spain History of the term "Catholic" Toro, Zamora Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas Henry of Castile the Senator Haakon IV of Norway Simon, Count of Ponthieu Edward I of England Lexikon des Mittelalters Integrated Authority File
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