Fermata

The fermata (Italian fermare: stop ) is in music a peace sign in the form of a downwardly open parabola with a dot in the middle over a note or rest, which is also used as Aushaltezeichen or pause indicates the movement.

Explanation

The original note value will be extended to double the value ( in the actual expansion is the interpreter not bound ). Some composers clarify their desires, by recording breve ( = short) or lunga ( = long ) above the Fermatenzeichen. In modern scores the Fermatenzeichen can also be found in a square shape ( overturned box with dot), a long fermata is then superimposed as one of several " boxes ". In the classical / romantic era the fermata is often used to stretch the clock to avoid a change of pace. Examples of famous pauses are the beginning of the fifth symphony of Beethoven or the Overture to the Magic Flute by Mozart.

Besides showing the fermata in orchestral scores of solo concerts also marked the beginning of the cadenza, while the other voices are silent. Back in the 15th century they showed on the vocal ends of a canon that a sound should be kept until all votes have reached their conclusion. Fermatas also divided Choralsätze by accompany the final sounds of each section. Often they are found in older literature on the final stroke of a sentence.

Also a general pause is characterized by the fermata, general pause if this is not strictly run in tempo ( slow movements in Haydn ). Is then often the fermata G. P. records (many examples of Anton Bruckner ).

Valences

From shorter to longer:

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