Fernando Henrique Cardoso

Fernando Henrique Cardoso ( born June 18, 1931 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian sociologist and politician. He was from January 1995 to December 2002 President of Brazil.

Life

Cardoso spent most of his life in São Paulo. With his wife, Ruth Cardoso, he has three children. Trained as a sociologist, he was Professor of Political Science and Sociology at the University of São Paulo. He was President of the International Sociological Association (ISA ) By 1982 to 1986. He is a member of the Institute for Advanced Study ( Princeton ) and Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and author of several books.

He was staying at the Social Research Centre at the University of Münster and was a visiting professor at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales and the Collège de France and later at the University of Paris- Nanterre. He also taught at American universities such as Stanford and the University of California at Berkeley.

Cardoso was elected Senator of the State of São Paulo for the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) 1978. In 1986 he was again Senator, for the Party of the Brazilian Democratic Movement ( PMDB ), which emerged after the democratization of Brazil from the MDB.

Cardoso founded in 1988, the Party of Brazilian Social Democracy ( PSDB ) and led them in October 1992 in the Senate. From October 1992 to May 1993 he served as foreign minister under President Itamar Franco. From May 1993 to April 1994 he was Minister of Finance.

As finance minister Cardoso led a planograms Real to combat hyperinflation. With the success of this plan in the back Cardoso was elected in April 1994 as president.

In 1998 he was re-elected with 53 percent of the vote, while his closest opponent, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva got ( PT), only 32 percent of the vote.

FHC ( as it is called in Brazil usually ) has been with the support of a motley alliance of his own party, the PSDB, and two center-right parties, the Party of the Liberal Front ( PFL) and the Brazilian Labor Party ( PTB), selected. The biggest party in Brazil, the centrist Party of the Democratic Movement of Brazil ( PMDB ), came after the election of the ruling coalition, just like the Brazilian Progressive Party in 1996., The party discipline in Brazil is very weak and deputies or senators of the ruling parties often do not in the interest of the government. Therefore, Cardoso had often struggled to get enough support in parliament for his main intention although his coalition turned the vast majority in Congress. Nevertheless, Cardoso was able to realize many of his reform projects.

His challenger in 1998, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, followed him into office in 2003. In his fourth start since Silva managed a landslide victory against Cardoso's Crown Prince José Serra. Since Silva's election is seen as evidence of the declining popularity Cardoso in his second term.

Cardoso is a member of the Club of Rome and The Elders and chairman of the Global Commission on Drug Policy.

Honors

In 1997 he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Cambridge. On August 13, 2010, Fernando Henrique Cardoso was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Argentine Private University Torcuato Di Tella in Buenos Aires. In 2012 he was awarded the Kluge Prize from the Library of Congress.

Bibliography

  • Dieter Nohlen, Claudia Zilla: Fernando Henrique Cardoso ( born 1931 ). Dependency and development in Latin America; in: D C - Development and Cooperation, No. 10, October 2000, pp. 288-291.
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