Flat feet

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The flatfoot ( pes planus Latin ) is a congenital or acquired foot deformity in which the longitudinal arch ( the arch from the heel to the front ball of the foot ) sunk the foot appears. This may occur due to Fußaußenrand towards the tilting of the heel to Fußaußenrand out as well as the tilting of the forefoot. In extreme cases, the base surface is located completely on the ground. A less pronounced form of acquired flatfoot is fallen arches, wherein said longitudinal arch by pressing only under load of the foot toward the floor.

At the inner edge of the foot ailments are common in the area of the scaphoid and the sole of the foot towards present. Sometimes pain in the calves, knees, thighs, in the hip and in the cross be sued. When trained flatfoot no more pain can usually be found.

Congenital flatfoot

Congenital flatfoot ( pes planus Congenital Latin, also: congenital flat foot, talus verticalis, obsolete: rocker bottom, Tintenlöscherfuß ) is rather rare and occurs in about 50 percent of all cases in combination with other malformations. The sole appears outwardly rounded ( convex), the tarsal bones are moved to the sole of the foot towards the Achilles tendon is shortened, the forefoot appears splayed ( forefoot abduction) and dorsal- extendiert. The congenital flat foot can be treated only by surgery. In the X-ray image can be seen in congenital flatfoot a steep excepted anklebone ( " talus verticalis ").

In hemiplegic patients may occur after initial equinus under body weight load even with a buckling - flat foot deformity (so-called " spastic flatfoot ").

The so-called " contracts flatfoot " is a mostly caused by a connection between the heel and navicular bone, rare among the other back and metatarsal bones.

Acquired flatfoot

The acquired flatfoot arises in most cases by an insufficient function of muscles and ligaments. The reason may lack training ( permanent seats, stable wearing shoes ), overload of the foot for example, by being overweight or long-lasting Standing, connective tissue, his heel fracture ( " post-traumatic flatfoot ") and diseases such as polio, rickets, neurological and rheumatic diseases. Radiographically, the talus is in normal position.

Treatment

In children and adolescents the first tries to get along without orthopedic aids. It recommended foot gymnastics, barefoot running and matching shoes with soft sole.

Even in adults, physiotherapy strengthening of the lower leg and foot muscles is important. Furthermore, deposits and prescribed in severe cases, orthopedic shoes. In some cases, can also be indicated surgery.

Flat feet

Congenital flatfoot

Acquired flatfoot

Treatment

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