Folk art
The folk art, also called partly folk art, refers to the artistic and creative work beyond the traditional and modern arts, mostly involved in traditional handicraft or domestic production.
The works of folk art are mostly anonymous origin, its producers have not attended in the strict sense aesthetic or artistic training.
The discovery of folk art through the study of art in the late 19th century as a historically and aesthetically valuable part of the culture went hand in hand with the increasing disappearance of this phenomenon in the industrializing European societies. The increasing loss of craft traditions in the late 19th century in Central and Western Europe deprived of folk art here the basis of her work. Based on the theories of primitivism learned just at this time the folk art as well as the so-called primitive art of non- European countries, special attention also and especially by modern artists.
Folk arts can depend on their craft base or have their subscription to a special customs more regional or more national character.
In general, folk arts spring scenic or tribes narrowly defined traditions and traditions, but they also process impulses through the high arts (eg peasant furniture painting influenced by Baroque church art ). They are often full of colorful imagery and use local materials. For folk arts with more regional character include, for example,
- Furniture Art ( farmer painting, wooden painting, pyrography )
- Textile arts ( weaving, needlework, such as embroidery, braid, tie-dyed, Bogolan, patchwork or quilting, costumes and much more)
- Carving
- Pottery
And products such as
- Jewelry
- Appliances
- Attachments
Further
- Commercial buildings and settlement patterns
- And many folk songs
In modern times through regional forms of folk art have developed. These include, for example,
- Shanties sung on the seas of the world
- Blues, the musical elements from different continents picks up and goes fluent in professionalized forms of music-making
- Graffiti, a global folk art in the field of Fine Arts.
Since the second half of the 20th century, the term Pop Art partly used to mean the current folk art to include this expression with the influences, for example, the modern mass media on the individual aesthetic production locally ( eg West Africa).
Especially in industrial societies is now usually referred to as a folk art production for the tourist needs, inspired by motifs and techniques of tradition.