Football pool

Under Toto is meant mainly sports betting, relating to the sport of football and are summarized as a choice bet and bet result. The term, however, exists also for betting on other sporting events such as horse racing ( Rennquintett ).

• 3.1 revenue
• 3.2 Development
• 3.3 Sports Promotion
• 3.4 History

• 4.1 Before 2009
• 4.2 After 2009

History

The term derives from the French totalisateur that has found as a foreign word in German-speaking totalizer input from. With totalisateur you meant the official betting site of horse racecourses, where all bets are posted and monitored. In the 20th century it was the short name Toto. Football pools is offered in England since 1921. 1934, a state-owned company was set up to provide pools betting in Sweden. Half of the game revenue was distributed to the players again; the payout ratio, therefore, was 50%. In Germany football pools was founded in 1948. A year later led Austria football pools as a sports bet.

Situation in Germany

In the FRG

After Germany, the sports bet came after the Second World War, when there were no state funds for the promotion of the sport. Sports federations took the initiative and initiated the founding of the state football pools companies. In the years 1948 - beginning with the Bavarian State football pools on 27 April 1948 - and 1949 these were set up in all German states. Beginning of the 1950s, were formed the first blocks: the north-south block (Berlin, Bremen, Hamburg, Schleswig- Holstein, Lower Saxony and Bavaria ) and the south-west block ( North Rhine -Westphalia, Hesse, Baden- Württemberg and Rhineland -Palatinate).

On November 11, 1956 all Toto lottery companies took over the establishment of the German Totoblock as a result of the Twelve bet bet in 1959 was converted to the Thirteenth bet with first 6 (and from 1961 4) gain ranks. 1967, returned to the Twelver bet instead of the Neuner bet and the Thirteenth bet back. In 1969, the Money Shot 2004 then again the Thirteenth bet. Nationally, there were several different game formulas.

The selection bet has a similarly checkered history. On October 7 1962, the choice bet with the game formula "6 out of 36 " and 4 gain ranks has been introduced. As from 19 January 1964, was the match formula "6 out of 39" with 5 winning ranks. On January 1, 1975, the selection bet has been introduced 6 out of 45 and allowed the typing of 6 out of 45 Fixtures. Will be counted as a consequence the six highest-scoring indecisive encounters, selected according to the formula match the games with the lowest goal difference, starting with the undecided games and there with the games with the most goals.

In the GDR

On December 12, 1953 ( Journal of Laws S. 1271) was introduced in the Toto sports bet in the German Democratic Republic by governmental regulation. Previously, there have been violent propaganda also by the Soviet Union against the Toto football betting in West Germany. Responsible for Toto sports betting in the GDR was the VEB Sports Toto, headquartered in East Berlin, which was subordinated directly under the supervision of the State Committee for Physical Culture and Sport Council of Ministers. The main acceptance and adoption agencies were under the district offices. The division of betting deposits of Toto were provided as follows: 55 % on Toto player, 25 % for the sport in the GDR, 10 % as tax revenues, 7.5 % as commission on the collection points, 1.5% for administrative costs and advertising and 1% for a safety fund.

After 1990

In Germany Sports betting is legal because of the gambling monopoly only by the state lottery companies in the German Lotto and Toto block. Some betting offices and companies, however, have since 1990 issued by the GDR licenses or to remain valid so far there is no final legal review. A long -awaited decision by the Federal Constitutional Court of 29 March 2006, in which it should be clarified whether and to what extent private betting operators may organize sports betting in Germany did not bring the desired clarity, since, according to this judgment, the legitimacy of the state monopoly on sports betting depends on that the state-licensed providers ( oddset ) with respect to the risk posed by the passion for betting dangers in their self-promotion in the future very much to hold back. But to what extent is oddset these conditions had been complied with in particular questioned in connection with activities of oddset at the 2006 FIFA World Cup.

Course

Fixtures are typed on the appropriate lottery ticket in the result bet on 11 or 13 ( Money Shot, Thirteeners bet ) by either 1 (= profit of the home team ), 2 ( = profit of the visiting team ) or 0 ( = undecided ) is ticked. Until the 1960s, the numbers 0,1,2 were registered with the stylus from the bettors to some extent. The respective teams were initially printed with the lottery tickets, since the late 1960s, she lists the organizer is a free information sheet.

In the play slip to choose bet are similar to the lottery number box with the numbers 1 to 45, corresponding to 45 Fixtures. The player crosses from six games, of which he expects an indecisive outcome. Between the organizer evaluates more than six draws game day those with the most goals, so a 5:5 comes before a 1-1 to fruition. Ends less than six games in a draw, these games will be lost.

Since 10 February 1996, it was played in the choice bet 6 out of 45 on the six highest-scoring encounters, from 31 January 1998 back to the indecisive encounters.

Situation in Austria

Revenue

• With Goal bet
• Without Goal bet

The turnover of 2006 was no goal bet to 14.87 million euros, a year later you could post only 11.34 million euros, but do you calculate the turnover of a goal bet, as sales grew in 2007 to 12.41 million euro. In 2008 achieved the Austrian Lotteries and Toto with Goal bet a turnover of 12.74 million euros; excl Goal bet that results in a amount 11.66 million. In the following year (2009) the revenue reduced to 12.19 million, pulls you away from the sales of the goal bet, the conversion was actually only 11.08 million euros. 2010 were able to maintain their sales, also with 12.19 million euros, Austrian Lotteries, slightly less than 11 million Euro high sales of Toto was without a goal bet.

Development

On October 23, 1949 Toto Round was performed for the first time. The sports betting had been admitted in 1948 in the Sports Toto law. The expected surplus from the income minus dividends should be mostly used for the promotion of sports in the country. Today there are two different versions of Toto: The classic Toto and Extra Football. On 23 October 2009 Toto celebrated his 60th birthday. For the anniversary, there was in the Toto rounds 43 to 48, the anniversary Toto rounds with the Twelve rank sum each week for 60.000, - Euro was aufdotiert.

Sports Promotion

Promoting exercise is regulated in § 20 of the Gambling Act. The amendment from 1 January 2005 provides for an amount prior to the amount of 3 percent of sales of the Austrian Lotteries. In 2008 it amounted to more than 62 million euros, 71.3 million euros a year later. The Austrian sports received since the beginning of sports promotion in 1949 more than 1.1 billion euros, but since 1986, the founding year of the Austrian Lotteries, there were more than 830 million euros. The means of promoting sport is managed by the Austrian Federal Sports Organisation (BSO ) and distributed according to a special key to OFB, roof and trade associations as well as to the ÖOC.

The federal government provides for purposes of the specific promotion of sports according to § § 8 to 10 of the Federal Sports Promotion Act, Federal Law Gazette No. 2/ 1970, last amended, an amount equal to 3 per cent of sales ( annual § 232 para 1 HGB) of the Austrian Lotteries from the payouts according to § § 6 -12b available. This amount may not be less than 40 million euros annually. As revenue in each case the amounts recognized in the balance sheet of the previous year of the Austrian Lotteries revenues are to be used. Until the previous year's balance sheet is akontiert in equal monthly installments of the subsidy recipients as a basis the amount of the respective Vorvorjahresbilanz. After the existence of the prior year balance sheet of the Austrian Lotteries monthly equal installments to be recalculate, and specify.

Course

In Austria, gives tips from twelve games, the profit zone begins at least 10 correct. A win in toto requires the correct prediction of the results of a Toto round, which, as already mentioned includes twelve Fixtures. Predict is the victory of either team ( Tip 1 Tip or 2) or indecisive outcome of the game ( Tip X). The use for this is 0.60 €. The prediction of the game results of the first four games of a round Toto is the subject of Goal bet. Participation in the goal bet requires the playing of at least one Toto tip. The insert, which is payable for the goal bet, is higher by 0.30 euro, as the one Toto Tips, namely at 0.90 euros. The goal bet there is also a second spot. The basis for the addition to the weekly football pools game program held extra rounds form Toto European Cup games, skill games and weekday rounds of Austrian, English and also German championship. For additional ways to win the game your attendees. With a Toto -coupon you can play as often as you also play one to three times per draw Joker.

Situation in Switzerland

Prior to 2009

In Switzerland, there were two different systems Toto ( Toto -R, and Toto - X), where X is quite reminiscent of Toto Lotto. Although both had football games as a base, but was lucky was of central significance to win.

Toto Toto -R was a system, how it plays in Germany. This was based on the so-called 13er - bet, whose name suggests that a match column included 13 football games. In any football game could be typed with 1, 2 or X, where Tip 1 was the victory of the home team, Tip 2 for winning the away team and Tip X for a draw. Besides the pure Toto and the Joker and the extra Joker could be played at Toto -R, as well as was possible in the lottery and is. Won had at Toto -R 10 correct picks.

In addition to Toto -R, there was in Switzerland a second system, which was called Toto -X. The X indicates, that it was a draw. Specifically, 38 games were offered and you chose - like the lottery - six games from which you typed. They were looking for the six highest-scoring draw from the available matches. Even with Toto - X of the Joker and the extra Joker could be played.

In both varieties there were four different prize categories, which are divided as follows.

After 2009,

On 2 March 2009 Toto -X was discontinued after 35 years and Toto -R after 70 years superseded by Toto Goal. The new sports betting system borrows heavily from the previous Toto -R, but promises so Swisslos, more power and higher jackpots. In various national and international football games will continue to 1 for a home win, X draw and 2 ticked for Visiting victory. In addition, there is but one result - Tip, in which users need to type the exact result of a particular game - for example, 2-0. This innovation promises more power and higher jackpots. Swisslos ended with Gilbert Gress from a contract in which the former top footballer and coach for this gambling advertises.

Now there are 5 categories, as well as the result of a 14 game can be typed.

Situation in Liechtenstein

The Principality took over Toto Goal from Switzerland. There will also be distributed by Swisslos under the same name.

Probability of winning

If all results are equally likely, the odds would be 1:3 n for the grand prize, where n is the number of games. The actual probabilities are as follows:

• N = 9: 1:19.683
• N = 10: 1:59.049
• N = 11: 1:177.147
• N = 12: 1:531.441
• N = 13: 1:1.594.323

To calculate the probability that m games to guess, yet the probability of n games with an integer factor > 1 must be multiplied, as in this case, not only one of a total of 3 ^ wins n possible advice, but there are several possible profitable tips there. This factor is calculated according to the following formula (where are the stack application variables for the binomial coefficients in the stochastics ), so the chance. In concrete figures results ( rounded ):

N = 13

• M = 13: 1:1.594.323
• M = 12: 1:61.320
• M = 11: 1:5.110
• M = 10: 1:697
• M <10: 99.84 % ( " rivets " in Germany )

N = 12

• M = 12: 1:531.441
• M = 11: 1:22.143
• M = 10: 1:2.013
• M < 10: 99.946 % ( " rivets " in Austria )

The expected value for the number of guessed games is n / 3, ie, at 13 tips 4 1/3.

The probability of a jackpot is greater than the lottery, but usually play the Toto also fewer people with. Generally, however, the probabilities are also the football expertise of the operator -dependent and may be partially considerably larger. Go many games as expected, the payoff is often low.