Forensic science

The term forensic science, the scientific research areas are summarized in which criminal acts are systematically identified and excluded, and analyzed or reconstructed. The term comes from the Latin forum " forum, marketplace ," because court proceedings, investigations, sentencing hearings, and the penal system in ancient Rome were publicly and usually carried out on the marketplace.

Colloquially, a Department of Forensic Psychiatry is often referred to as shortening forensics, especially if it has a forensic hospital.

Subdivisions of forensics

Forensic Medicine

Forensic Traumatology is a branch of forensic medicine, which deals with physical injuries. Forensic entomology trying circumstances of his death by the interpretation of findings on insects and to determine in corpses. In forensic toxicology it comes to the detection of poisons, forensic serology is concerned with the analysis of blood and other secretions and substances. The forensic osteology identified persons on the basis of the skeleton that forensic odontology on the basis of the tooth system.

Forensic Forensic Science

The forensic Forensic Science in Germany there are usually as a separate institution incorporated in the structures of the Federal Criminal Police Office and the state police. It consists almost uniformly in all provinces in the following areas:

In forensic ballistics projectiles are compared assessed ( for example, a comparison microscope ) and floor effects. The forensic fingerprinting analyzes fingerprints. The forensic linguistics examines written language on a criminological aspects towards (for example, in determining the author of a blackmail letter ). Forensic investigations of manuscripts for copyright identification or detection of signature forgeries done by Schriftvergleichung. The forensic phonetics deals with spoken language ( ie about a blackmailer call). She turns phonetic knowledge to the study of speaker typical voice and speech characteristics of a perpetrator. In the form of traces of all kinds of prints are examined, such as a shoe track or a profile of a shoe sole. The digital forensics used in software to determine the general criminal activity and especially for the detection of computer crime or crime in the mobile phone sector. In the field of forensic toxicology and forensic serology, the tasks overlap with the tasks of Legal Medicine. Here, too, with traces of blood, which employs DNA and other secretions and substances. The clients are prosecutors, courts and police stations. For almost every task of the so-called forensic experts, a court report must be drawn up.

Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology

Forensic psychiatry deals with the criminal responsibility and the assessment of dangerousness degree of offenders and their treatment. Forensic psychiatry has become a focal point designation, which can be purchased from specialists in psychiatry. It includes other branches of assessment, such as the social security law, and treatment in forensic psychiatry.

The Forensic Psychology is a potential multi-year education for psychologists. Supports, such as forensic psychiatry, the assessment of the Insanity of the accused and those of the dangerousness of offenders. In addition, it supports assessments of credibility of witnesses and especially evaluations in family law, especially when making decisions in custody. But also deals with prevention as well as technical information from non- psychological professionals ( for example, prosecutors, judges, social workers ). For all areas of the law is stronger than psychology, psychiatry involved in research, in which case, of course psychological issues are in the foreground ( such as systematic bias in judicial decision-making, perception error in the identification of suspects by witnesses and the like). The legal psychology developed and published mainly results from fairly basic psychological research.

Ballistics

The ballistics deals with the investigation of crimes that are committed with firearms.

Computer forensics

IT forensics used software to determine general criminal activity and especially for the detection of computer crime.

Purpose of analyzing different autologous materials

Pioneers

As a famous pioneer of forensics applies Joseph Bell, the historical model of the fictional character Sherlock Holmes. Another pioneer was Archibald Reiss.

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