Formylation reaction

Under formylation is understood in the preparative- organic and technical chemistry, the introduction of the formyl group -CHO for the synthesis of aldehydes. In biochemistry, a step of the peptide synthesis is referred to as N-terminal formylation eubacteria.

Preparative Chemistry

An example of a formylation reaction, the Friedel -Crafts acylation:

With the only stable halide of formic acid - formyl - or a gas mixture of carbon monoxide and a hydrogen halide acid, such as HF or HCl ( Gattermann - Koch reaction ), the reaction leads to an aldehyde. The use of carboxylic acid halides of higher carboxylic acids (R is an organic radical ≠ H), produces a ketone. General called this reaction acylation.

Method

For the formylation of suitable organic compounds (mostly aromatic ) are a number of methods have been developed, some of which are also used industrially, including:

• Friedel-Crafts acylation of
• Gate man - synthesis
• Hydroformylation
• Reimer - Tiemann reaction
• Vilsmeier -Haack reaction
• Duff reaction

The aldehydes produced are used as such or serve as starting materials for further reactions.

Biochemistry

In eubacteria, the N- formylation of methionine unit, an intermediate step of peptide synthesis represents a case enzyme involved is the Met- tRNAi transformylase ( EC 2.1.2.9 ).