Fourteen Holy Helpers

The Fourteen Holy Helpers are fourteen saints from the second to the fourth century. The group is composed by the so-called Regensburg normal series of three female and eleven male saints, with all but the hl. Giles died as martyrs. Notwithstanding that, there are regional variations. The Helpers always heard the Blessed Mother in her capacity as Queen of Martyrs and Help of Christians. In the Catholic Church the Holy Helpers are invoked as patron saints in prayer. In the Protestant church, they are generally regarded as examples of faith.

Emergence and dissemination

The emergence of the special group of the fourteen Holy Helpers, in which - by region - took shape in a fixed order is to identify the late Middle Ages in the diocese of Regensburg, Bamberg and Würzburg and Nuremberg. To confirm as early prayers from Regensburg monasteries and the Regensburg area as well as pictorial evidence of the beginnings of the Holy Monastery Churches group. Representations of the saints Oswald and Leonhard on windows 1360 in the cathedral of Regensburg point to the early worship of emergency responders in not yet fixed order in the region. The fact that it is predominantly saint of the Greek- Byzantine space with them, can be explained by the early cultural contacts of the city with South Eastern Europe. ( See:. The Fourteen Holy Helpers in works of art ) From there, the emergency responders worship spread throughout the German-speaking world and beyond in Sweden, Hungary and Italy. About 800 churches were dedicated to the fourteen auxiliary saints in the late Middle Ages, some of which have already been called in 1300 as such in prayer and mentioned in sermons. By 1400 the helpers then appeared in the closed ranking.

List of the fourteen Holy Helpers

Other emergency responders

Regional deviation of the eleven individual male helpers also be replaced by other saints:

  • St. Roch
  • Nicholas of Myra instead Erasmus
  • Pope Sixtus II instead of Dionysius
  • Hubert of Liege
  • Albertus Magnus
  • Leonard of Limoges for Giles

In addition, it is sometimes credited the four sacred marshals, these are the Church Father Anthony the Great, Bishop Hubert of Liege, Pope Cornelius and Quirinus of Neuss, to emergency responders.

In the Basilica of the Fourteen Saints are out shopping verses in which other saints are listed in addition to the fourteen known Helpers, which can be called in different needs:

  • St. Apollonia befrein by your great pain, toothache Wollst of us.
  • St. Adelgundis we shall preserve, fever, cancer and Todsgefahr.
  • Let St. Rochus call, he can guard against disease.
  • St. Leonard thy virtue great, tape and chains make us go.
  • St. Apollinaris torture large, from falling Seuch make us go.
  • St. Hubertus thy power is known, stop us in the mind and senses.
  • St. Quirin blooming with Glori, before open damages protect us.
  • St. Nicholas the holy man, can help to land and water.
  • St. Quintin virtue brighter note, we wilt call Hauptspein.
  • St. Swibert with his crosier, of us great evil turns.
  • St. Libori your prayer pour us the stone friable pastime the semolina.
  • St. Domician contact the woes of the loins, by your Bitt thu from us.
  • St. Anton pious hermit, for evil fire is our Mediator.
  • St. Sebastian with your arrow of pestilence us sick healed.
  • St. Brigida let us recover from wounds, leprosy and evil beings.
  • St. Magdalena rett us from great distress, protect us from sudden Todt.

In Franconia St. Anne is invoked against storms:

  • Holy St. Anna, chic 's thunder vo ' danna ( Frankish: from thence ).

Churches under the patronage of the fourteen Holy Helpers

Churches under the patronage of all the fourteen helpers are or were, for example:

  • The Sanctuary of Mary, Queen of Martyrs and the fourteen holy helpers in Haßlach ( at Teuschnitz ). The pilgrimage church celebrated its 275th consecration in 2003.
  • The Basilica of the Fourteen Holy. The famous baroque Basilica and Sanctuary near Bad Season stone was designed by Balthasar Neumann in 1742 for the Klosterlangheim, he also initiated its construction. In their place, a chapel was already built shortly after 1445. According to legend, this year a shepherd the fourteen helpers had appeared with the Child Jesus and had demanded that for them a church to be built.
  • The former Bald Hill Church in Reichstädt, a district of Dippoldiswalde, 25 kilometers south of Dresden in Saxony Osterzerzgebirge. The church is an example of the wide dissemination of the pick-me- worship in the German language area. It was built in the Middle Ages and demolished in 1872. The Bald Hill Church was known before the Reformation throughout Saxony as Holy Helpers Church.
  • The former branch church to the holy fourteen Holy Helpers in Rengen. The chapel there is secured since 1756th Maybe it was back then but just to change a building that is already attested in the same place for 1570. It was demolished in 1903 and took its place in 1904, the Branch Church of St. Cunibert. This home as a legacy of its predecessor next to a wooden altar from the beginning of the 18th century, the statues of the 14 helpers that were carved in 1786 by the Prüm sculptor Balthasar Büchel and then painted by a master Mehrener.
  • The parish church called to the holy Fourteen Holy Helpers in Vienna Lichtental, Schubert Church. The foundation stone was laid in 1712, the church was consecrated the fourteen Holy Helpers in the year 1730. The high altarpiece was created by Franz Anton Zoller 1776 for the enlarged church. It represents the circle of the fourteen Holy Helpers, crowned by the Holy Trinity with the Virgin and Saint Anne. In the inscription " Laudate dominum in Sanctis eius " - " Praise the Lord in his saints ," a modification of the beginning of Psalm 150: " Praise the Lord in his sanctuary ."
  • The fourteen Holy Helpers Chapel in Mainz- Gonsenheim: The chapel, which belongs to the parish of St. Stephen, 1729 built as a votive in the Gonsenheimer Gonsenheimer forest. The current design of the Fourteen Holy Helpers - Chapel is based on the Neuerbauung in 1895. The chapel is located at the end of Chapel Street at the edge of Gonsenheimer forest. In high altar statues of the 14 helpers can be found.
  • St. Maximin in rents was consecrated in 1974, on the title of St. Maximin of Trier and the holy Fourteen Holy Helpers at Maximinfest.

The Fourteen Holy Helpers in works of art ( examples)

  • On a fragmentary, in 1320 created fresco in the south aisle of the Dominican church of St. Blaise in Regensburg ten saints gather around Christopher. The mural is the earliest known pictorial representation of the emergency responders.
  • The altar of grace in Vierzehnheiligen
  • Village church in Lindenhardt: A triptych shows on the outer sides of the two wings, the 14 helpers. It is the oldest surviving paintings by Mathias Grünewald.
  • Münster in Heilsbronn - This church was long time grave lay the Franconian Hohenzollern. On the sarcophagus of Princess Anna († 1512) are the figures of eighteen saints, including the fourteen Holy Helpers, is being shown instead of Cyriacus the Holy Leonhard.
  • Sebastian chapel in Darsberg - In the small Sebastian chapel overlooking the Neckar Valley is a four-leaf canopy shrine from the second half of the 15th century by an unknown carver and painter. It contains - an unexplained peculiarity - in the center of three portraits of women: a " lovely " Mary with Child and the two emergency responders and Katharina Barbara. Perhaps the explanation of the founding family or the event has been lost. Patron is another saint (Sebastian ).
  • St. Pantaleon in Unkel am Rhein: St. Pantaleon is a Romanesque church in Unkel am Rhein. There is a stone relief from 1714
  • Created on the predella of Simon Frank, a pupil of Lucas Cranach the Elder altar of the Market Church of Our Lady ( Marienkirche ) in Halle an der Saale, the 14 helpers are displayed in the center of Mary and the baby Jesus.
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