Frankenthal Porcelain Factory
The Frankenthal porcelain is porcelain, which was produced in the porcelain factory in Palatine Frankenthal.
On May 26, 1755 Strasbourg porcelain producer Paul Hannong received by the Elector Karl Theodor ( Palatinate and Bavaria ) the privilege of setting up a porcelain factory. He had produced in Strasbourg porcelain since 1751. Because of the competition with the French manufacturers, the French king banned the further production of porcelain in 1754. Thus Hannong could begin production immediately in the dragoon barracks Frankenthal. She was seven years long managed by the family Hannong. 37 years she was under the Electoral Administration. Technical Director was from 1762 - 1770 Adam Bergdoll, he was succeeded by Simon Feylner. In the manufacture of up to 100 people were employed. Of all the major German manufacturers Frankenthal thus has the lowest life. Production ceased in 1799. Van Recum took forms to green city Palatinate and opened a pottery factory there. Official end of the manufactory May 27, 1800 was by a decree of the Bavarian Elector. But in the 44 years of its existence it has proved to be one of the greatest porcelain factories in Germany.
After laying the electoral court to Munich and task of the factory in 1799 succeeded in numerous forms at the Manufaktur Nymphenburg. Late 19th century and early 20th century, these forms have been reproduced here. You are using the CT brand underglaze blue in and provided the Nymphenburg Rautenschild.
In general, the products have been provided with a Manufakturkmarke during the entire production period. Ungemarkte pieces are rather the exception. At the beginning of the manufacturing operation (1755 ) porcelains were provided with stamped PH or PHF, the initials of the first manufacturers, Paul Hannong from Strasbourg. The labeling with underglaze blue brand began in the same year, first with the Wittelsbach diamond plate, then with the lion rampant and the name of Paul Hannong shortcuts or Johann Hannong. As of 1762 the mark with the Kurfürstenhut on the cipher by Carl Theodor (CT brand with the electoral hat ) and additional motif has been introduced. Every now and then, a combination of manufacturer's mark, additional motif and Ritz characters determine. Painters, modellers and repairer were allowed to sign their pieces, they consist of one or more letters. For additional motif is painter brands to annual figures such as 70-88, 6,7,8 VIII, or the initials of the manufacturer Adam Bergdoll (AB) all in underglaze blue. Paint marks were sometimes executed in color, eg in iron red, black, purple or gold. After the takeover of the factory by the van Recum Family ( 1795) was made the mark in underglaze blue VR or VRF. In addition to the manufacturing brands also Ritz signs were installed, which consist of numbers / letters combinations. There are now over 260 known Ritz characters. The combination of Ritz characters and the manufacturer's mark the production of the porcelain can be classified chronologically:
The painting was followed by technical reasons, about half a year later.
At large porcelain artists of the Manufacture, among other things, the modeler Johann Wilhelm Lanz, Johann Friedrich Lück, Franz Conrad Linck and Johann Peter Melchior be mentioned. As a painter were especially Jacob Osterspey, Winterstein ( first name unknown) and Bernhard Magnus forth.
Collections Frankenthaler porcelain are among others in the Reiss- Engelhorn Museums in Mannheim, in the Palatinate Museum of the City of Heidelberg, in the Historical Museum of the Palatinate in Speyer, the Bavarian National Museum in Munich, the Grand Ducal china collection in Darmstadt, Erkenbert - Museum of the City Frankenthal, in Benrath Castle ( Dusseldorf ) and the Museum of Decorative Arts Berlin. Works of the brothers Paul and John Hannong be issued in the Strasbourg Museum of Decorative Arts. The Musée du pain d' épice ( Gingerbread Museum ) of Gertwiller numerous works of Paul, Joseph and Karl -Franz Hannong are also on display.