Franz Grashof

Franz Grashof ( born July 11, 1826 in Dusseldorf, † October 26, 1893 in Karlsruhe ) was a German mechanical engineer and university professor. He was a professor of theoretical machines at the Technical University of Karlsruhe.

Biography

As the son of Elizabeth Brueggemann and Charles Grashof, which in Dusseldorf " life and culture of the Greeks and Romans ," taught at the high school, Franz Grashof attended elementary and junior high school in Dusseldorf, and trade school in Hagen. Motivated by the rise of steamboats and the railroad, he began his internship in a locksmith. In October 1844 Franz Grashof went on to have passed without a final exam, the school to begin studying for cabin compartment at the Royal Commercial Institute Berlin, an industrial and commercial school. To this end, he studied mathematics, physics and engineering. From 1847 to 1848 he interrupted his studies to his one-year military service as a volunteer at the seventh Infantry Battalion in Dusseldorf abzuleisten. Inspired by the desire to serve the nation as naval officer, Franz Grashof hired as a simple sailor on the Hamburg sailing ship " Esmeralda". On to December 1851 lasted from March 1849 voyage, he realized that he was not fit for a sailor and that he should take an apprenticeship in technical subjects rather than a practical activity. Therefore, he led in 1852 his studies in Berlin gone, where it was through the help of Nicholas Druckenmüller, a friend of the Grashof family, which director of the Royal Institute of Commercial and lecture end the Council in the Ministry of Commerce in Berlin, a rapid ascent succeeded. Already in 1853, while Franz Grashof visited the highest class, he was commissioned to hold and the lecture content in a " general encyclopedia of physics " to prepare a lecture on Applied Mechanics. 1856 appeared the first chapter on " elasticity and strength of construction materials and machinery " and " applications of statics on the examination of the stability and resilience of structures ", which at the same time constitute the first works Grashof. In April 1854, he graduated with the state examination for teachers at the Prussian provincial trade schools from around then take his teaching in the subjects of Mathematics and Mechanics at the Royal Institute Commercial Berlin. The lectures " Analytical Mechanics ", " elasticity and strength ", " hydraulic " and " machine mechanics " To this end, emerged. On 28/12/1854 he married Henriette Nottebohm before him in charge of Royal Oak Office in Berlin was awarded as a by office on 01.01.1855. In May 1856 Franz Grashof participated in the founding of the Association of German Engineers and became its director. In addition, the directorate, the editors and managing the archive of the newly created journal of the Association he was entrusted. His extensive exposure to this club and its magazine in 1887 honored by the appointment of Franz Grashof honorary member before he was adopted on 14.12.1890 as Director of the Association of German Engineers. In 29 vintages of the journal he contributed more than 42 papers. 1860 was Franz Grashof from the philosophical faculty of the University of Rostock doctoral degrees " honorary ".

Franz Grashof was from 09/15/1863 to 1891 as the successor of Ferdinand Redtenbacher professor of general and theoretical machinery teaching at the Polytechnic later Technical University of Karlsruhe. He taught the subjects strength of materials, hydraulics, thermodynamics and general engineering, where he confined himself to the teaching of the theory and the practical part ceded to Joseph Hart. Franz Grashof was in the years 1867/68 1868 /69 1872/73 1882 /83 and 1885/86 was appointed director of the Karlsruhe University and was therefore represented from 1877 to 1889 in the first chamber of the Baden Estates. In addition, he occupied the chair of the Natural Science Association in Karlsruhe, which named him after his resignation as honorary president. In 1877 he was appointed to the " Commission for the detection abbreviated names of the uniform introduced for the whole kingdom Dimensions and weights". He sat down progressively to ensure that technical colleges have been assimilated to liberal arts universities. After he resigned in 1881 from the main and the editorial board of the journal of the Association of German Engineers, Franz Grashof suffered on 28.12.1882 a first stroke, from which he recovered well and was largely able to continue its activities. In the years 1882-1892 he was a permanent member of the Imperial Normal Eichungskommission, in 1887, also a member of the board of trustees of the Physikalisch -Technische Reich Institute. Weakened by another stroke, Franz Grashof died on 26 October 1893.

Grashof discovered the so-called Grashofsche rule in the gear doctrine which states that a quadrilateral if and only has two joints in a fully rotatable rod, if the longest and the shortest stick together are shorter than the other two rods together.

From 1877 to 1882 1887 to 1890 Grashof was appointed by the Grand Duke member of the First Chamber of the States General Baden.

Honors

  • After Franz Grashof is the highest honor of the Association of German Engineers, the Grashof Commemorative Medal named. It was first awarded on 28 August 1894, Carl von Bach. It is regarded as award for engineers who have demonstrated outstanding academic or professional achievement in the technical field. Engineers such as Ferdinand von Zeppelin, Wilhelm Maybach, Carl Bosch and Ferdinand Porsche are early owner of the commemorative coin. A carrier in the recent past is Rudolf Schulten.
  • After Grashof is a dimensionless number in fluid mechanics, the Grashof number named.
  • Inaugurated on October 26, 1896 Franz Grashof monument is located in the southwestern city of Karlsruhe in the Beiertheimer Avenue.
  • After Grashof a bachelor's degree price at the TH Karlsruhe is named (since 2009 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ). The prize is awarded engineering for the four highest grades in the undergraduate field of study. The prize is donated by the company LuK in Bühl.
  • He was extraordinary honorary member of the Young Academic hut.
  • The Franz Grashof street in Bremen -Neustadt, in Karlsruhe- West city and in Mannheim were named after him, as well Grashofstrasse in his home town of Dusseldorf.
  • The Grashof auditorium at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology got its name.
  • 1866, the title of Privy Councillor, he was awarded.
  • In 1867 he received the Knight's Cross of the First Class of the Order of Zähringerplatz lions.
  • In 1874 the title of Privy Court Councillor, he was awarded.
  • 1877, the title of Privy Council, he was awarded second class.
  • In 1885 he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the second class Zähringerplatz lion north.
  • In 1892 he was awarded the Order of the Crown of second class with an asterisk.

Works

  • Author fundamental textbooks of engineering and author of numerous scientific papers on the topics of strength of materials, hydraulics, pneumatics, thermodynamics and theory of mechanical engineering.
  • " The strength of materials with special attention to the needs of mechanical engineering "
  • "Theoretical Machine Research"
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