Fred Forbát
Alfred (Fred) Forbat ( born March 31, 1897 in Pécs (Hungary ), † May 22 1972 in Vällingby (Sweden ), also: Alfréd Forbat, Alfred Füchsl, in the German and Scandinavian literature mostly Fred Forbat ) was a Hungarian architect, urban planner, professor and painter who worked in Germany, Hungary, Greece, the Soviet Union and Sweden. He is considered an important representative of the new style.
Life
Fred Forbat was born in Pécs Jewish parents as Alfred Füchsl ( name change in 1915 ). 1914 graduated from the secondary school Pécs, then he studied architecture at the Technical University of Budapest. In 1915 he was called up for military service and had to stop the study. After a serious lung ailment, a nearly two -year stay in a sanatorium in the Tatra followed. Since 1916, he wrote scientific art historical works. In 1917 he took the study of architecture again, first in Budapest, then at the Technical University of Munich. In 1920 the completion of studies in Munich with Diploma " diploma. Ing architect ". In 1918 he became a member of the "Hungarian archaeological and anthropological society".
From 1920 to 1922 he was a student and assistant of Walter Gropius, former Director of the United academies of art and crafts school Staatliches Bauhaus in Weimar. 1922 marriage to Hedwig Rücker. Activity as an independent architect. 1923 - 1924 he took over the technical management of construction projects of the German Society DEHATEGE ( resettlements Turkey and Greece ) on behalf of " Refugee Settlements Comission " of the League of Nations. 1925 to 1928 he was chief architect of the Berlin " AHAG -Sommerfeld " group. In 1926, he joined the union of advanced architects in the ring. In 1928, he acquired German citizenship.
From 1928 to 1932 Forbat worked as an independent architect in office and community with Hubert Hoffmann. 1929 - 1930 Member of the Commission of Experts of the municipal housing assistance the city of Berlin. 1930 - 1931 Teachers in Urban Planning and Housing at the " Itten School" and a regular contributor to the construction trade magazine " housing industry " Free German Trade Unions.
1932 - 1933 he was invited as an expert on urban planning to Moscow. On the way back, surprised by the " German New Order", he spent three months in Athens, where he carried out archaeological work that has been "Alt - Olympia" published in Prof. W. Dörpfeld work. From the summer of 1933 to 1938 he lived in his native town of Pécs as a freelance architect. Here he learned of the loss of German nationality and the prohibition to use the professional title of architect in Germany. Recovery of the Hungarian nationality. In 1938 he was invited by the architect Uno Åhrén to Sweden where he continued his exile. He was from 1938 to 1945 by the architect Sune Lindström staff in the preparation of the General Plan of the City of Lund and Lindström's staff in the preparation of plans for the Physiological Institute of the University of Lund and the buildings with tenements in the district Borgmästaregården in Lund. As of April 1942, he was employed in the HSB Department of City Planning.
Important works restaurant " Grünewald ", Berlin- Zehlendorf (1925 ), Large garage near the Botanical Garden Berlin light field (1926 ), several apartment buildings with 150 apartments Gros settlement Berlin -Siemens City ( 1928-1931 ), stadium and clubhouse for the city of Berlin in Berlin- Eichkamp (1929-1930), city map and apartment buildings with 1250 apartments in large housing estate in Berlin - hazel Horst ( 1930-1932 ), riding school in Berlin chaff (1931 ), city planner for Berlin -Zehlendorf, Berlin- Makhno, Berlin- Cladow and other projects for workers bank, hospital, schools, etc. (1925-1932), the city plans for the new Russian cities Karaganda ( Kazakhstan) with 240,000 inhabitants, Lopatinski ( Volga) with 18,000 inhabitants and, in cooperation with architect Ernst May, Magnitogorsk ( Ural ) with 240,000 inhabitants (1932 ), five apartment buildings with 55 apartments, several private houses and summer villas, hotel renovation in Pécs, Hungary ( 1934-1938 ), General Plan for the city of Lund in collaboration with architect Sune Lindström, city maps for suburbs and urban renewal for the city of Lund. Recovery plan for Kungsbacka in collaboration with architect CF Ahlberg, Gothenburg. (1938-1942), General Plan for the city of Skövde and various plans and studies for the HSB Department of City Planning, proposing a new population statistics and adapt to the needs of urban planning, published in Ekonomisk Tidskrift 1943: I ( 1942-1943 )
In city planning ministry in Stockholm working and then designed as a member of the city planning committee " leveling device Stadsplanebyrå " and others the master plans for the Swedish cities Skövde (1949 ), Landskrona (1951 ), Kullabygden (1959 ), Linköping (1967) and Kristinehamn. Since 1950 he was director of the Institute of Spatial Planning.
1952 Forbat was co-organizer of the Interim Meeting of the CIAM in Sigtuna (Sweden) and 1957 participants in the International Building Exhibition " Interbau " in Berlin. The Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm called him from 1959 to 1960 as a professor of urban planning.
In 1951 he became a corresponding member of the German Academy for Urban and Regional Planning in Cologne. 1969 appointed him to the Academy of Arts West Berlin as a member.