Frederick William I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar
Frederick William I of Saxe- Weimar ( born April 25, 1562 Weimar, † July 7, 1602 ibid ) was from 1573 until his death Duke of Saxe- Weimar. He came from the family of Wettin Ernestine.
Life
Duke of Saxe- Weimar
Frederick William I was the eldest son of Duke Johann Wilhelm I (1530-1573) of Saxe- Weimar from his marriage to Dorothea Susanne (1544-1592), daughter of the Elector Frederick III. of the Palatinate. He was thoroughly trained and are enrolled on the basis of his talent at the age of 12 years at the University of Jena.
At the time of his father's death, Frederick William I was still a minor, a tutelary government was therefore initially used for the Duchy. In his will, Frederick William's father Ludwig Elector Palatine of the Rhine and Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg had determined as regent. The regency was, however, claimed by the Dowager Duchess Dorothea Susanne, but they could not prevent, thronged in their place, the Saxon Elector August of the Albertine relationship as the next agnate of the Prince in the regency. August could be homage on April 8, 1575 the Altenburger stands and dismissed numerous clergy, including the educator Friedrich Wilhelm Kaspar bee man. As guardian, he signed the Formula of Concord of 1577 and the Book of Concord of 1580th 1583 Friedrich Wilhelm Friedrich Wilhelm I. name came of age, but began to reign independently after the death of the Elector August 1586. He issued in 1589 a new police and state order and founded the year after the Order against the abuse of God's name, but which went down again soon. In 1591 he renewed the privileges and rights of the University of Jena.
Regent of the Electorate of Saxony
1591 died in the local Saxony Elector Christian I, as his eldest son Christian II was at this time also a minor, Frederick William I was, according to the will of Christian I used as a regent for the Electorate of Saxony. This held as "Administrator of the Saxon Electorate ," especially in the capital of Saxony Torgau, where he held lavish courtyard. He neglected the business of government in Weimar, who were led by his younger brother John, who was involved, according to the Ernestine House bill to the government.
In Saxony, Friedrich Wilhelm followed the Kryptocalvinismus and let the former Chancellor Nikolaus Krell arrest. Its annual expenditure amounted to 83,000 florins. Only when he had to intervene because of the mismanagement of his relatives in Coburg, he reduced his own spending to 8000 guilders. Friedrich Wilhelm founded a printing press in Torgau.
1601 ended the guardianship reign in Saxony with the majority of the Elector Christian II and Frederick William I returned to Saxony- Weimar. But since he already died a year later, he left no great mark on the history of the Duchy.
Family
Frederick William I married on May 5, 1583 Weimar Sophia ( 1563-1590 ), the youngest daughter of the Duke Christoph of Württemberg. From this union came five children, of whom only two daughters survived their father:
- Dorothea Marie (1584-1586)
- Johann Wilhelm (1585-1587)
- Friedrich (1586-1587)
- Dorothea Sophie (1587-1645), Abbess of Quedlinburg
- Anna Marie (1589-1626)
His second marriage concluded Friedrich Wilhelm on September 9, 1591 in Neuburg an der Donau to Anna Maria ( 1575-1643 ), daughter of Duke Philipp Ludwig von Pfalz- Neuburg. Since the Duchy of Saxe -Weimar fell by Frederick William 's death to his younger brother Johann, the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg was separated as an independent principality of Saxe- Weimar for Frederick William's sons. Friedrich Wilhelm I. is thus the progenitor of the elder line of the Altenburger Dukes of Saxony- Altenburg ruled until 1672. From his second marriage he had the following children:
- Johann Philipp (1597-1639), Duke of Saxe- Altenburg
- Anna Sophie (1598-1641)
- Friedrich (1599-1625), Duke of Saxe- Altenburg
- Johann Wilhelm (1600-1632), Duke of Saxe- Altenburg
- Dorothea (1601-1675)
- Frederick William II (1603-1669), Duke of Saxe- Altenburg