Free State of Oldenburg

The Free State of Oldenburg came as a parliamentary democracy in 1918 on the site of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg. It was a land of the German Reich ( Weimar Republic ), in 1934 into line by the Nazis and went in 1946 in the state of Lower Saxony.

2.1 Prime Minister and Reich Governor
2.2 Coat of Arms
2.3 flag

History

The November Revolution also led to the abdication of Grand Duke Friedrich August of Oldenburg. He was on 11 November 1918. The self Republic Oldenburg- Ostfriesland, which had been declared thereafter by a workers' and soldiers, could only hold until February 1919 and was ended by the intervention of the Imperial Government.

Democratic Republic of the

After the First World War and the abdication of Grand Duke Friedrich August of Oldenburg became a republic. As the Free State of Oldenburg Oldenburg was one of the countries of the German Empire.

At the regional elections to Oldenburgische parliament in May 1931, the Nazi Party got 37.2 % of the vote and was the first time in a parliament, the strongest faction. After the re- election in May 1932, the Nazi party received 48.5 %, the absolute majority of seats, also for the first time in a country and in June Carl Röver was with the voices of civil rights ( DNVP and country folk ) as Prime Minister of a National Socialist government elected.

Gleichschaltung in National Socialism

From 1933 to 1945 the country was placed under and the State of Bremen an imperial governor, until 1942 the previous Prime Minister Röver, then Paul Wegener.

With effect from April 1, 1937 his two exclaves Birkenfeld and Lübeck were spun through the Greater Hamburg Act in the State of Prussia. The part of the country Birkenfeld (now a part of the circle East Holstein ) incorporated the Rhine province and the country as part of Lübeck circle Eutin the province of Schleswig -Holstein. At the same Oldenburg received from the former Prussian province of Hanover protected town of Wilhelmshaven.

Absorption in the state of Lower Saxony

By Regulation No 46 of the British military government from August 23, 1946 " Concerning the dissolution of the provinces of the former Land of Prussia in the British Zone and their reformation as independent states " maintains the State of Hanover its legal foundations. On 23 November 1946, the British military government approved the unification of the country Braunschweig ( with the exception of the eastern part of the district of Blankenburg and the exclave Calvörde as an official Calvörde of the district of Helmstedt, the fall of the Soviet occupation zone and integrated into the state of Saxony- Anhalt ), the country Hanover ( with the exception of the Office Neuhaus, which falls to the Soviet occupation zone and is affiliated until 1993 Lower back ), the country of Oldenburg and Schaumburg-Lippe of the country to the new state of Lower Saxony.

On 10 November 2011, the Lower Saxony state parliament a law amending the Law on the State Court and repealing pre-constitutional constitutional law the repeal of the " Constitution for the Free State of Oldenburg on 17 June 1919 in the version of Section II, Chapter decided 1 Part 1 § 2 of the Act of 27 April 1933 (the Nds. GVBl. Coll II p. 6 ), as last amended by § 18 para 1 sentence 2 No. 4, A, of the Law of 10 February 1972 ( Nds. GVBl. p.109 ) ".

Policy

Prime Minister and Reich Governor

The President of the State Board 1918-1919 and the Prime Minister of the Free State of Oldenburg:

Bernhard Kuhnt, USPD (November 11, 1918 to March 3, 1919 )
Theodor Tantzen, DDP (July 21, 1919 to April 17, 1923 )
Eugen von Finckh, no party (April 17, 1923 to July 13, 1930 )
Friedrich Cassebohm (November 14, 1930 to June 16, 1932 )
Carl Rover, NSDAP ( June 16, 1932 to May 5, 1933)
George Joel, NSDAP (6th May 1933 to April 1945 )
Theodor Tantzen, FDP ( April 1945 to 31 October 1946)

Reichsstatthalter for Oldenburg and Bremen, based in Oldenburg:

Coat of arms

Blazon: " em; Field 1 and 4: in gold per two red bars, Field 2 and 3: in blue ever a golden, widened at the ends and notched at the foot provided with a peak cross ".

In the areas of Lübeck and Birkenfeld the crest part of the country is run as a heart sign on the country's coat of arms.

The coat of arms of the country part Lübeck contains a blue field a golden, floating cross which is covered with a bishop's cap flying off with napkins.

The coat of arms of the country Birkenfeld is part of red and silver geschacht ( Notification of the State Department's December 29, 1926 Article 1).

Flag

The flag is a blue, by a simple red cross into four equal rectangles divided Flag ( Notification of the State Department's October 3rd, 1919 § 2).

Population and area

5396 km ²; 582,400 residents (May 1939)

Administrative divisions

The administrative divisions of the Grand Duchy remained largely intact in the Free State of Oldenburg, but Rüstringen was raised in 1919 to an official independent city First Class. The parts of the country Birkenfeld and Lübeck were initially continue for the Free State of Oldenburg.

For a comprehensive administrative reform in 1933, six new offices were established in which district offices were established. The part of the country Oldenburg had since the following zoning:

Cities, First Class ( district-free cities)

Delmenhorst
Oldenburg
Rüstringen (up to 1937)
Wilhelmshaven ( since 1937, previously part of the Prussian province of Hanover, at the same time united with Rüstringen )

Offices ( from 1939 counties )

Ammer country, formed from part of the old Oldenburg Office and the Office Westerstede
Cloppenburg, formed from the offices Cloppenburg and Friesoythe
Friesland, formed by the cities of Jever and Varel and Jever the offices and Varel
Oldenburg, formed from part of the old office and the offices of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst Wildeshausen
Vechta, formed from the Office of Vechta
Weser Marsh, formed from the offices Brake, Butjadingen and Elsfleth

In 1939, the offices were renamed counties. The two parts of the country Birkenfeld and Lübeck were reclassified in 1937 from Oldenburg to Prussia.

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