Friedrich Heer
Friedrich Heer ( born April 10, 1916 in Vienna, † September 18, 1983 in Vienna ) was an Austrian art historian, writer and publicist.
Life
From 1926 to 1934 attended the renowned army, him strong formative Academic Gymnasium in Vienna, where he took on June 18, 1934 from the matriculation examination. From the autumn of 1934, he studied history, art history and German literature at the University of Vienna and received his doctorate in 1938 for a Doctor of Philosophy with a thesis on the intellectual history of the Middle Ages. According to the company army was arrested on March 11, 1938 during the invasion of Hitler's army into Austria and briefly detained several times in the following years. This representation is questioned in recent research.
After military service ( return to Vienna on March 24, 1946) lived first army from 1946 to 1948 as a freelance writer and was then from 1 January 1948 to 30 June 1961 as editor of the Catholic weekly magazine The Furrow active. On June 30, 1961, he was appointed head of dramaturgy at the Burgtheater and remained in that capacity from November 1, 1961 to August 31, 1971. 1971 to 1981, he served in the Burgtheater as " Head of the Secretariat of Cultural Affairs and international contacts ." With January 31, 1981, he was transferred at his own request on the permanently retired. From 1 February 1981 until his death he remained "consultant for cultural affairs and international contacts ."
As a Catholic army took a critical attitude, especially towards the compounds of the Church and its dignitaries with National Socialism.
Heers university career was given the conservative climate change fully in his field and the resistance of the Minister of Education Heinrich Drimmel. Army was habilitated on November 14, 1950 against considerable resistance in the Faculty Lecturer in " intellectual history of the West" and was dated December 22, 1961 the title of " Extraordinary university professor ." His efforts to establish a professorship at the University of Vienna were unsuccessful.
In his writings he focuses mainly Christian and Western intellectual history.
His grave is located in Vienna's Central Cemetery (Group 33 G, number 69).
Awards
Work
Army began as a medieval historian in his dissertation and in his first major work, the book rise of Europe from 1949, the second volume followed in 1952 as The Tragedy of the Holy Empire. ( The Holy Roman Empire was then also the subject and title of a book from 1967. ) The title of the book call of the enemy (1949 ) was recognized by enemies and friends as " life motto" army. Also army himself considered this book as a " focal point " of his cultural and church- critical work.
The median age was again for the army on the topic of an entire book in the context of Kindler's cultural history, for which he wrote in 1961 the band Middle Ages. However, his works after 1952 represent the mean age at first in a larger context, as in the first major Synopsis European Intellectual History (1953 ), which draws an arc from early Christianity to the present day. As a (very extensive ) additions and enlargements of the European intellectual history to the books Europe. Mother of Revolutions ( 1964), specifically the intellectual history of the 19th century on the subject, and the third force (1959 ), in which it comes to the 16th century and humanism, are considered.
For the Fischer- designed library army introductions to Hegel (1955), Meister Eckhart (1956 ), Leibniz ( 1958) and Erasmus of Rotterdam ( 1962), each containing an introductory text Heers and his selection from the works of thinkers.
In some of his most important works continued army critically with individual church traditions apart: with anti-Semitism in the two related works of God first love (1967) and The faith of Adolf Hitler (1968 ), which created a great stir when it appears. The work Crusades - yesterday, today, tomorrow? (1969 ) makes the war theology on the subject, leave of hells and heavens (1970 ) Christian eschatology.
In his interpretation of history Heers home country Austria has always had a special place, so for the first time in the collection of essays country in the stream of time (1958) and then in the battle for the Austrian identity (1981 ), which is one of his major works.
The Risk of creative Reason (1977 ) described the army as his " spiritual testament ". In addition to his major works he has published numerous anthologies of his essays, such as we speak of the reality (1955), Quellgrund this time (1956) and Experiment of Life ( 1957).
In addition to his humanities studies army wrote novels (Aster and the old man, failure in Vienna, and the eighth day).