Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald

Friedrich Reinhold Kreutz forest (born 14 Dezemberjul / December 26 1803greg in Jõepere ( Jömper ) in the church today Kadrina (Saint Catherine ), Lääne -Viru (West Wierland ). .. † 13 Augustjul / August 25 1882greg. in Tartu ( Dorpat ) was an Estonian writer and physician.

Life

Friedrich Reinhold Kreutz Forest was born the son of Estonian serfs Juhan Reinholdson and Ann on the estate Jõepere in Rakvere. From 1816 he was able to visit the school after repealed in Estonia in 1815 serfdom and the establishment of village schools for the children of farmers had been available. His father was the memory manager and Schuster (Estonian Kingisepp ) of the estate. His mother was a housekeeper. In Estonian dialect he was " clean Vidri Ristimets " called ( Ristimets = Cross Forest). His ancestors came from Ristimets Talu (cross- forest - farm). In the school of Rakvere, the name was Germanized to " Kreutz forest ".

After working as a primary school teacher ( 1820-1824 ) in Reval (now Tallinn) and private tutor ( 1824/1825 ) in St. Petersburg, he studied medicine in 1826 in Dorpat ( now Tartu ). There he joined a circle of Estonian student who was headed by Friedrich Robert Faehlmann and to the care and resuscitation devoted the Estonian language and culture. In 1838 this became the scholar Estonian Society, was elected by the Kreutzwald 1849 Honorary Member

From 1833 to 1877 was Kreutzwald town doctor Võru in southeastern Estonia and treated mainly poor people. Despite the geographical distance from the centers of Estonian cultural movement in Dorpat and Fellin ( Viljandi today ) he held through intensive correspondence contact with his supporters.

As a writer he was based on German models, which he also - translated into Estonian - in some cases very free adaptations. After the death in 1850 Faehlmanns him the job is sent whose collection began Estonian legends and folk songs to finish. This paraphrase of folk tales and integrate, the Kalevipoeg, is regarded today as the Estonian national epic. In addition, especially his arrangements of Estonian fairy tale of 1866 are worth mentioning.

Kreutz forest in honor called the Estonian Literary Museum held its annual conference in December in literature and folk art as " Kreutz Forest Days".

He was lifetime member of the German - Baltic students Corporation Estonia Dorpat.

Writings

Fairy tale

  • The Gold Spinners
  • The bathing in the moonlight virgins
  • Eilfuß, Flinkhand and Sharpeyes
  • The Tontlawald
  • The orphan hand mill
  • The twelve daughters
  • As an orphan unexpectedly found their happiness
  • Bäumling and Borkeline
  • The fleet-footed princess
  • Loppi and Lappi
  • The godson of the grotto nymphs also Maasika
  • Fox
  • Rare woman loyalty
  • Ash Trine (see Cinderella )
  • The Springinsfeld
  • In Pikne bagpipes
  • The richly gilded relief
  • The dispute between the Dwarves
  • The gallows -man
  • Like a princess has slept seven years (see Snow White )
  • The Nordland Dragon
  • The mighty cancer and the insatiable wife ( cf. The Fisherman and his wife )
  • The grateful king's son (see The Singing springing lark )
  • The stepmother
  • Rougutajas daughter
  • The Meermaid (see The Little Mermaid and Melusine )
  • The Underground ( cf. fairy tale motif: Dwarves )
  • The Kluge in the pocket ( see table which will cover )
  • The foundling
  • The Lucky Egg
  • What attracted seven cutter in the Turkish war
  • The lucky rubles
  • Of mist mountain king
  • The plucky team supervisor
  • As a king's son grew up as a shepherd boy
  • The foolish ox sale
  • Bagpipe Tiidu
  • The hatched from the egg princess
  • The mild -hearted woodcutter
  • The nightly churchgoers
  • The mild -hearted woodcutter
  • The night churchgoers
  • The Hunter lost happiness
  • The king's son escaped the danger is savior of his brothers

Other Publications (selection)

  • Mythical illumination of the maze at Dorpat. In: Domestic. A weekly magazine for Liv, Esth and Curlands history, geography, statistics and literature, Vol 9 (1844 ), No. 44, pp. 698-702.
  • Again, a statement of the labyrinth question. In: Domestic, Vol 9 (1844 ), No. 51, ​​pp. 812-814.
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