Friedrich Rosen
Friedrich Rosen ( born August 30, 1856 in Leipzig, † November 27, 1935 in Beijing) was a German orientalist, diplomat and politician. From May to October 1921 he was German Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Life
His grandfather Frederick Ball Horn Rosen was Chancellor of the Principality of Lippe -Detmold. His father Georg Rosen published as Orientalist writings on Islam and was in the diplomatic service of Prussia served as consul in the Middle East and the Balkans. The mother Friedrich Rosen was born into a British family of scholars of Jewish faith. His uncle Friedrich August Rosen was also orientalist and Sanskritist.
In this cosmopolitan atmosphere Friedrich Rosen was born, but his youth was spent in Jerusalem, where his father worked as a consul. He enjoyed a four -lingual education ( German, English, Arabic and Turkish) and decided early to the study of recent and oriental languages , which led him to Berlin, Leipzig, Göttingen and Paris. After graduation, he worked for several months as a tutor for the children Frederick Temple Hamilton -Temple - Blackwood, the Viceroy of India, in London.
In addition to his Anglophile basic setting a preference for oriental culture was maintained throughout his life. Since 1887 he has taught Persian and Urdu at the Seminar for Oriental Languages in Berlin. In the dispute with the Institute Director, he retired in 1890 from this function and suggested, as before his father, the way in which services of the Foreign Office a. As a speaker he was in Beirut and Tehran, before he was commissioned in 1898 with the establishment of a consulate in Baghdad.
After the trip to Palestine Kaiser Wilhelm II was appointed roses consul in Jerusalem two years later in 1900 he was appointed to the Political Department of the Foreign Office. Rose was considered an expert on the Arab world who, through his liberal views, his simultaneous support for the monarchy and his Anglophilia, like his - was deemed friend Wilhelm Solf, for an understanding with Britain as suitable - not only political. 1902 Roses accompanied the Persian Shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah on his trip to Germany and interpreted for him and the Persian delegation at the court of Kaiser Wilhelm II for his cultural mediation, he was awarded from Persia with the Imperial sun and lion north of second class.
As part of the eponymous Rose embassy Friedrich Rosen represented 1904/1905 in Ethiopia, the interests of the German Empire. Ethiopia had time to almost any other major power such good relations as to Germany. On his return to Europe roses was instructed to remain as an envoy in Tangier. From 1910 to 1912 was roses ambassador in Bucharest, from 1912 to 1916 in Lisbon. In 1916, Germany declared, with the thought of German - Central Africa in mind, Portugal the war. Rose returned with safe conduct back to his homeland.
Wilhelm II appointed him then minister to The Hague, where he remained until his promotion to the big politics. In 1918 he was instrumental in ensuring that Germany the Netherlands not yet declared war. Roses conveyed the property Wilhelm II in his Dutch exile Huis Doorn and took him on 10 November 1918, the German - Dutch border in reception. Later, he was forbidden to visit the Emperor.
In spring 1921 Chancellor Joseph Wirth roses appointed Reich Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Cabinet Wirth I. On the issue of reparations to the Christian Social Wirth an anglophile and also non-party foreign minister appeared beneficial. In the five months of his tenure, Rosen acquired by the peace treaty with the United States lasting service. In protest against the London Ultimatum, in which the Entente Powers linked the adoption of high reparations by Germany with concrete pads, Rosen resigned. He looked in the politics of the victorious powers of double standards: on the one hand, they would proclaim the self -determination of peoples, take the other hand to a referendum of the fate of Upper Silesia in Germany, which resulted in a 60 percent majority in favor of the retention of the situation, no consideration.
Therefore Friedrich Rosen resigned in October 1921 from the civil service of his successor, was the policy Wirths accordingly, the similar principles committed Walther Rathenau. Roses devoted himself as chairman of the German Oriental Society, the umbrella organization of Orientalists in Germany, increasingly scientific work. Its up to now known in the Oriental work of translation of Omar Rubajat Khajjams has appeared in several editions.
After the seizure of power by the National Socialists, whose ideology Friedrich Rosen was contrary from the beginning, he was subjected to anti-Semitic hate because of his partially Jewish ancestry. Nevertheless, he continued to maintain until his death, contact the SeSiSo club his friend Solf, a few years later developed the resistance group Solf circle of its circles.
1935 Friedrich Rosen died during a stay in Beijing, where his son George was working at the German Embassy, the consequences of a broken leg. Due to the racial policies of the Nazi regime Georg Rosen in 1938, was forced to leave the diplomatic service.