Fritz Neumark

Fritz Neumark ( born July 20, 1900 in Hannover, † March 9, 1991 in Baden -Baden ) was a German financial expert.

Life and work

The son of a Hanoverian businessman in 1918 still drafted into military service. In 1919 he began studying political science at the University of Hamburg, the University of Munich and finally at the University of Jena. There he received his doctorate in 1921 with a thesis on the concept and essence of inflation. From 1923 to 1925 he was a speaker in the Reich Ministry of Finance and then joined as an assistant to Wilhelm Gerloff at the University of Frankfurt am Main. There he completed his habilitation in 1927 (Title of the thesis: " The kingdom of household " ) and in 1931 appointed a non-tenured associate professor. Due to the so-called Aryan paragraph in the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil him this position was withdrawn in March 1933.

After his release Neumark emigrated in 1933 to Turkey. In addition to other well-known emigrants as Alexander Rustow or Ernst Reuter, he became a professor at the University of Istanbul. About this time he reported in 1980 in his book refuge on the Bosporus. In 1952, he returned as professor returned to the University in Frankfurt am Main and was from 1954 to 1955 and from 1961 to 1962 its rector. Neumarkt was a visiting professor at the University of Basel (1954 /55) and at Columbia University in New York (1962 /63).

His scientific importance lies in its participation in the modernization of public finance as an instrument of economic policy Global Control ( Fiscal policy, Keynesianism ). Neumarkt dealt in particular with the tax equity and the taxation principles. So he argued in the debate on a withholding tax on interest income which has been hotly debated in the beginnings of the social-liberal coalition, for reasons of justice for it to subdue all capital income tax. He is also regarded as one of the fathers of the Stability Act of 1967. During the 1970s, however, he was among those who saw a growing national debt as safe.

Honors

Neumark was ( Sorbonne ) and the University of Istanbul named honorary doctorates from the universities of Frankfurt am Main, the Free University of Berlin, Göttingen University, the University of Paris.

Writings (selection )

  • The Reich budget. A contribution to the theory of the public budget. Fischer, Jena, 1929.
  • Theory and practice of modern income taxation. Francke, Bern 1947.
  • Genel ekonomi teorisi. Ismail Akgun Matbaası, Istanbul 1948.
  • Principles just and economically rational tax policy. Mohr ( Siebeck ), Tübingen 1970.
  • Refuge on the Bosphorus: German scholars, politicians and artists in exile from 1933 to 1953. Servant, Frankfurt am Main 1980.
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