Fujara

Fujara, also fujera, fujarka and fujaruoka, is a long, vertically held flute beak, which is traditionally played by shepherds in Slovakia. In the literature of the 18th and 19th century alongside Fujara also occur the spellings fluera and frujera. You will Foekat to the verb, fujat ( "blow" ) returned and hang out with other names of flutes together in southeastern Europe.

The Fujara consists of a long tube and an air pipe. They vary in size, but most commonly it is between 1.30 m and 1.70 m long. The air pipe is tied with a leather strap or a brass band on the flute tube. In the lower part of the flute tube, there are three front- permanent finger holes. It is most often tuned to "G".

History

In the 14th century Vlachs came from the present territory of Romania on the Carpathian Mountains in the territory of Slovakia. They were shepherds, who knew how to tend sheep and goats to over 1000 meters altitude. These shepherds took their homes with flutes, but they were not larger than 130-140 cm. Only in the area of the High Tatras, which forms the foothills de Carpathians, built the Vlachs Fujaras of 170 cm.

The Fujara is one of the characteristic Slovak folk instruments. Dating back to the Zvolen region and the hilltop of the Polana. The broad valley stretches between Zvolen and Podkriváň and extends into the southern Slovakian territories of Novohrad, Hont and Gemer. Since the center is formed by the city Detva, often called the Fujara also Detvianska Fujara ( Fujara from garb). Here are the best-known manufacturers and the best players. For several years, the Fujara is also built in other parts of Slovakia. Also, there are already individual Fujara farmer in Germany and Belgium.

Musicians who use the Fujara are Bernhard Mikuskovics, Max Brumberg Jan Marmenout and Gérard Widmer.

Sport

The flute is played on the natural scale. Depending on the intensity, the pitch of the tone changed. A typical variety is the so-called Rozfug. This is generated by a short, rhythmic blowing technique. A more typical variety is the " Mumlanie " ( loosely translated: Whisper ) in this case the Fujara is very finely blown.

Related to Fujara is the Konzovka, an overtone. This is 80 to 100 cm long and is blown up at the head of the instrument and has no holes. The sound is also changed by the Einblasstärke and is varied by the hand at the bottom.

The music of the Fujara was recorded in 2005 in the UNESCO list of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

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