Fumiko Hayashi (author)

Fumiko Hayashi (Japanese林芙 美 子, Hayashi Fumiko, born December 31, 1903 in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi Prefecture, † 28 July 1951 in Tokyo), Japanese writer; she was one of the most popular authors in Japan during the 1950s. She wrote poems, children's stories, short stories, novels, essays.

Life

Family background Fumiko Hayashi is unclear; it is further assumed they came from the spa Furusato Onsen, Kagoshima Prefecture or the present city of Kitakyushu. She was the daughter of a businessman. At the age of seven years, her mother separated from the Father; they led in due time an itinerant life as a child of peddlers on the island of Kyushu, which was marked by poverty and frequent school changes. She spent her youth more in Onomichi, Hiroshima Prefecture. Already in childhood showed her literary talent. She wrote in her spare time in the early years of poems, short stories and children's stories, which also attracted public attention. Through the support of a benefactor she could visit the city girls' school and they sought an early career as a writer. After graduation in 1922, she moved with her ​​lover to Tokyo to write. She worked to earn a living as a maid, office workers, factory worker and waitress. In Tokyo, she lived in changing relationships with men until they reach the painters Rokubin Tezuka (手冢 绿 敏) married 1926. Since 1930 trips to China and Europe; From 1932 she lived mostly in Paris. In October 2005, in Tokyo Shinjuku district at its former residence ( architect Yamaguchi Bunzo ) was the " Hayashi Fumiko Memorial " opened.

Creation

The 1930 novel moved Horoki (放浪 记, 1930, " Diary of a vagabond " ), setting out the time between their 19th and 23rd birthday processed, became a bestseller and made ​​into a film under the title Wandering Days as an anime. Many of her works revolve around the issues of free-spirited women and difficult relationships. Again and again she wrote about poverty, oppression and suffering caused by the war. Their following works such as Inazuma (稲 妻, "lightning" ), Ukigumo (浮云, " Drifting Clouds " ) or Meshi (めし, " food" ) were laid, for Bangiku (晩 菊, " Late Chrysanthemums" ) she received the Literature Prize for women. Although Hayashi was briefly influenced by the proletarian literature, its analysis of the thematic complex is due to social justice in optimism and faith in the human will to survive.

In her stories Hayashi told with realism the hard life of the lower classes in Tokyo. It portrays a world of degeneration, humiliation and insecurity in which the women are tyrannized by men and thus are often apathetic. Despite this hardness can be found in the representations of the underclass also happiness and hope, especially in modest - humble but fearless female figures. Recognizable despair is always compensated in the literary work of Fumiko Hayashi by a strong will to live and faith in the future. The simple, poetic language prevented from sliding into maudlin sentimentality her.

Works

Japanese title in italics. So far not translated title in Free translation. Title German, French or transfers are highlighted in bold.

  • Aisuru hitotachi dt: Loving
  • Asagohan dt: Breakfast
  • Asa yū dt: Morning and evening
  • Aru onna dt: A woman
  • Inakagaeri dt: return to the country
  • Utsukushii inu dt: A beautiful dog
  • Ehon dt: Picture Book
  • Ōshima gyō dt: Trip to Ôshima
  • Ochiaimachi Sansenki
  • Otosan dt: Father
  • Onion kurabu dt: The Onion Club
  • Kaeru dt: The Frog
  • Kashiya sagashi dt: tenement search
  • Kame - San German: Mr. Turtle
  • Kitsune monogatari ger: Fox History
  • Kurara dt: Klara
  • Genkan no Techo dt: The notebook in the hallway
  • Kōfuko no kanata dt: The other side of happiness
  • Kodomotachi dt: Children
  • Konki dt: marriage age
  • Shuka German: fall fruits
  • Shûshoku dt: job search
  • Seikatsu dt: Life
  • Seishūkan Sowa
  • Tanima no tegami dt: letter from the gorge
  • Tamagawa dt: The Tama River
  • Chiisai hana dt: Little Flower
  • Tsuru no fue dt: The whistling of the cranes
  • Nakimushi Kozo dt: Apprentice crybaby s:
  • Nureta ashi dt: Wet Reed
  • Bakufu dt: Waterfall
  • Bangiku Late Chrysanthemums. Translated by Jürgen Berndt. In: Dreams of ten nights. Japanese tales of the 20th century. Edited by Eduard Klopfenstein, Theseus Verlag, Munich, 1992. ISBN 3-85936-057-4
  • " Accordion and the fish town ", translated by Kakuji Watanabe. In: Japanese Masters of the narrative, Walter Dorn Verlag, Bremen, 1960, pp. 105-126.

Translations

Novels

  • Horoki: Fessler, Susanna: Wandering Heart: the work and method of Hayashi Fumiko State University of New York Press, Albany, 1998 ISBN 0-7914-3908-9.
  • Ukigumo: Hayashi Fumiko: Floating Clouds The Information Publ: Tokyo 1957; engl. Übers v. Koitabashi, Y.

Short stories

  • Kaeru The Frog; German translator's v. Till tenants in booklets of East Asian literature. Issue 35 (Nov. 2003) Munich: Iudicium.
  • Horoki records of a vagabond time; German translator's v. Watanabe Kakuji; Revision of Heinrich Schmidt Barrien in Kakuji Watanabe (ed.): Japanese Masters of the narrative. W. Dorn: Bremen 1960.
  • Tōkyō Tokyo; from the English by Monique Humbert in Keel, Daniel ( ed.): Nippon. Zurich: Diogenes 1965.

Films

  • Horoki ( Diary of a vagabond ) 1962 Director: Mikio Naruse
  • Onna Kazoku ( wife family ) 1961 Director: Seiji Hisamatsu
  • Shitamachi ( Old Town) 1957 Director: Kasahara Ryozo
  • Ukigumo ( Drifting Clouds ) 1955 Director: Mikio Naruse
  • Bangiku ( Late Chrysanthemums ) 1954 Director: Mikio Naruse
  • Tsuma ( Wife ) 1953 Director: Mikio Naruse
  • Inazuma ( Lightning ) 1952 Director: Mikio Naruse
  • Meshi (Essen) 1951 Director: Mikio Naruse
  • Nakimushi Kozo ( apprentice crybaby ) 1938 Director: Toyoda Shiro
Fumiko Hayashi (mayor) Shinjuku, Tokyo Integrated Authority File
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