Future tense

With Futur (Latin futurum "that will be what "; tempus futurum " future time ", pro futuro "for the future " ) refers to grammatical categories of the verb that are used among other things for the identification of things to come.

The traditional grammar of the German language has taught that with the auxiliary be formed shapes refer to the future and described it as a future tense and future tense II

  • " Marion will arrive tomorrow around 16:30 clock. " ( Future tense, futurum, simple future)
  • " Egon will be arrived tomorrow before dinner. " ( Futur II, premature future)

The shape of the " future tense " actually has significance for the future, while the " Future Perfect " the prematurity in the future, so a temporal relationship between actions or events in the future describes. An alternative grammatical description assigns the verb are the modal verbs and to consider the above as modal constructions that only partially relate also to the future.

Present

Present as Future Tense

Preview for talk time point

The future tense is in German its main form after a tense form, expressing a future reference.

  • For example, " Marion will arrive around 16:30 clock morning. "

This does not mean that the future is mainly expressed by the future tense. Research has shown that this description was based mainly on the use of the Latin verb tense with his strictly held time sequence, the consecutio temporum. As a 1982 carried out on a representative corpus of texts investigation has revealed there was "Future " only in 4.6 % of cases with a future tense expressed, while for the present 76.0 % were calculated. Moreover, an additional marking of the future verb of saying economic reasons in statements which already have a clear future reference unnecessary. The actual future form of the German language ( in contrast to English or French ) is therefore the present tense:

  • For example, " Marion meets tomorrow around 16:30 clock. "

Preview in the past

In texts with historical present tense future tense is used as a base - mirror image of the retrospective Present Perfect - the preview of a past time out.

  • Example: " Columbus discovered America in 1492. He will believe a long time that he had discovered a new sea route to India. "

Modal Futur

Presumption

The future tense can also refer to a situation that is currently still or already the talk time point. He then presses usually made a guess (modal component).

  • Examples: " The voters will wonder who he can still choose. " (= " I suspect that the voter asks himself .... " )
  • "That must have his accuracy. " ( = "This is probably true. " )

Request

The shape of the " future tense " ( in the second person ) is also used as a prompt:

  • "You will eat your lunch. "

Or as a prompting question, but merges with the preview:

  • "Will you still eat your lunch? "
  • "You will still eat your lunch! "

Future Perfect

The Future Perfect expresses the prematurity of an action in the future. Will you express that two actions A and B, both of which lie in the future, action A starts before action B, then this is expressed in the written language B in the future tense and the future tense A II. Relative to B so A lies in the past, so the future II is sometimes called Perfektfutur, future perfect tense stem or anterior future tense. The duration or seclusion of the acts is irrelevant. It can therefore also be events or the earlier onset of action can survive the later onset. Examples:

  • " When will then be eventually happened this or that cause ( Fut II ), then the sequence is used ( Fut I). "
  • " When I have made ​​my driver's license ( Fut II), the first thing I 'll even go to Paris alone ( Fut I). "

Colloquially be premature actions in the future, since they are relatively to the main action in the future in the past, expressed by the perfect tense:

  • "Next year at this time I got my driver's license. "

Instead of

  • " Next year at this time I will have done my driver's license. "

Even with the Futur II guesses can be expressed as:

To the question "Why he has not noticed the accident " can express a supposition using the future tense II: "He will have slept. " By inserting the adverb probably the conjectural character can be reinforced: "He will have slept well. "

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