Gabriel Valentin
Gabriel Gustav Valentin ( born July 8, 1810 in Breslau, † May 24 1883 in Bern ) was a German physician and physiologist.
Life
The father Abraham Valentin acted with silverware. In the Breslau synagogue, he assisted the rabbi. Son Gabriel Gustav Valentin, who also learned at school studying Hebrew, as a devout Jew the Talmud. This religious tradition in his family home also influenced his life. He visited the Mary Magdalene High School in his hometown, which he left with the matriculation examination. At 18, he began to study medicine at the University of Wroclaw. One of his most influential teacher was the physiologist January Evangelista Purkyně, which also maintained good relations with Goethe. After four years of study Valentin PhD in Wroclaw, the state exam he put 1833 in Berlin from. Its excellent observation skills, an excellent memory and his math skills helped Valentin to diverse scientific knowledge.
Services
Valentin did research together with PURKYNE. In 1834 he was elected as a member of the " Leopoldinisch - Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists ". In 1835 he published his "Manual of History of Man ". A Service of the University of Tartu (then Prussia) failed because of his Jewish faith. Until 1848, non-baptized Jews in Prussia from teaching careers were officially excluded. End of 1835 Valentin received by the jury of the French Academy of Sciences the "Grand Prix des Sciences Physices ". The amount of money associated initially put him in a position to independently investigate further. But then came an offer from the University of Bern. Once he was sure his Jewish faith would not be an obstacle for his work in Switzerland, he was a professor of physiology and animal anatomy ( Zootomie ) in Switzerland. Valentin was the first Jewish professor at a German university as the age of 26. 1836 was also the year in which Valentin identified the core and nucleolus of neurons. In 1838 he proposed the use of dual blades with adjustable blade pitch and was one of the pioneers in the development of microtome. The periodical was founded in Wroclaw " Repertory of Anatomy and Physiology" he led from 1836-1843 continued. 1844 Valentin published his two-volume work " Textbook of Human Physiology " and 1846 followed the " plan of the physiology of man." His "Principles of development of animal tissue " are worth reading today. The reputation Valentine also meant that civil rights were granted to him as the first Jews in Bern. For microscopy held Alfonso Giacomo Gaspare Corti even (1851 " Corti'sches Entity" ) for half a year at Valentino, who was the director of the Anatomical Institute in Bern from 1853 to 1863. In 1862, Valentin honorary member of the " Académie Royale de Médecine de Belgique ". He was also an honorary member of many medical and scientific societies throughout Europe and Honorary Doctor of Arts from Bern.
Publications
- Handbook of the History of Man with a comparative consideration of the evolution of mammals and Vögel.Rücker, Berlin, 1835. ( Digitized and full text in German Text Archive )
- Textbook physiology d d people, 2 vols, Brunswick 1844
- Outline of human physiology, Brunswick 1846
- The use of the spectroscope to physiological and medical purposes, Heidelberg, 1863
- Attempt at a physiological pathology of the nerve, 2 THLE. , Leipzig and Heidelberg 1864
- Attempt at a physiological pathology of the blood and other body fluids, 2 THLE. , Leipzig 1866-1867