Galeopsis tetrahit
Common Hemp-nettle ( Galeopsis tetrahit )
The Common Hemp-nettle ( Galeopsis tetrahit ), also mandrel - hollow tooth, Common Hemp-nettle, Stabbing hollow tooth, Spiny hollow tooth or hemp nettle called, is a species of the genus hollow tooth in the mint family ( Lamiaceae).
Features
The Common Hemp-nettle is an annual herbaceous plant that is usually 20 to 30, rarely up to 60 cm high. The stalk is greatly thickened at the leaf nodes and bristly hairs to prickly. Even the cup of the flower is hairy prickly - bristly. These hairs have also been given the name Spiny hollow tooth of the species.
The crown is about 1.5 times as long as the calyx. The 15 to 20 mm long flowers can be colored very differently. From white to reddish and purple to bluish violet occur all colors. Usually they are but pink. The middle lobe of the lower lip is usually somewhat darker patterned with a yellow background. The plant flowers from June to October. The flowers are " Actual lip flowers". The two bumps on the lower lip serve as head guide for nectar -seeking visitors (particularly bees and bumblebees ). Before pollination spontaneous self-pollination is possible.
The Klaus fruits are spread by past grazing animals. They remain on the bristles of the stem and on the prickly calyx teeth hanging out, the elastic stems bend, fast then back to the starting position and fling the ripe fruits while Klaus from the calyces (Animal spreader ).
Willow Tit and Marsh Tit collect the Klausen and place in the bark of trees stocks of ( hiding propagation ).
Occurrence
The species is widespread and common. Originally she came to the temperate and meridional Eurasia. It was introduced to North America where it is still in propagation.
In central Europe, we find the commons hollow tooth used in weed societies in fields, in the woods beats, along paths and fences, to dumps, especially in mountainous locations. He loves nitrogen-rich, alkaline or slightly acidic, peaty soil yes. In the Alps, he comes up against in 1560 m above sea level.
He is a cultural companion. The occurrence of the commons hollow tooth in prehistoric plants finds is always regarded as evidence of human land use.
System
The Common Hemp-nettle is allotetraploid. He's probably a natural hybrid from the Colorful hollow tooth ( Galeopsis speciosa ) and the soft -haired hollow tooth ( Galeopsis pubescens).
Previously, the Two-Column hollow tooth ( G. bifida ) was regarded as a subspecies of Commons hollow tooth.