Gammaproteobacteria
Colonies of Haemophilus influenzae ( order Pasteurellales ) in a blood agar
Gammaproteobacteria ( γ - Proteobacteria also ) refers to a class in the phylogenetic system of the bacteria, which have been prepared on the basis of the base sequence of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid ( 16S rRNA). The phylum (the tribe ) Proteobacteria is divided into 5 classes Alphaproteobacteria to Epsilonproteobacteria. All representatives of this tribe are gram- negative.
Among the Gammaproteobacteria are the orders:
- Acidithiobacillales
- Aeromonadales
- Alteromonadales
- Cardiobacteriales
- Chromatiales
- " Enterobacteriales "
- Legionellales
- Methylococcales
- Oceanospirillales
- Pasteurellales
- Pseudomonadales
- " Salinisphaerales "
- Thiotrichales
- Vibrionales
- Xanthomonadales and many have not yet been securely placed isolates.
Important examples are to be found among others in the genera Chromatium, Xanthomonas, Beggiatoa, Legionella, Pseudomonas, Azotobacter and Vibrio, as well as in the family Enterobacteriaceae with the genera Escherichia, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella, Serratia (and others).
The Gammaproteobacteria currently form the most diverse class of Proteobacteria. They are physiologically extremely diverse and combine a variety of very different metabolic types. At the same time many species are physiologically flexible and adaptable. In the genera Legionella, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Salmonella and Shigella is found important pathogens of humans, animals and plants.