Gasket#Flange gasket

Gaskets are usually the static seals and are mainly installed in equipment or piping as a sealing element between two flanges.

Standardize

  • Series of standards DIN EN 1514 seals ( dimensions) for flange connections to DIN / EN
  • Series of standards DIN EN 12560 seals ( dimensions) for flange according to ANSI / ASME B16.5

Materials

For gaskets are available for different applications (fluids, temperatures, pressures, chemical use ) a number of materials are available, such as elastomers, molding fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, mineral fiber, metal, copper. Flexible metal seals are used where low bolt loads are required. Thus, the seal does not give way under pressure, it is either in a groove in the flange or it will be set from outside and inside support rings. So that a tight barrier and not a large surface area porous connection between the flange and the seal is formed, a higher pressure is locally generated, e.g., by a circular or diamond-shaped seal between the flat surfaces or cut in the flange. Soft sealing material is often more permeable to diffusion as the supporting material so that the supports very precise and smooth running are and the sealing material can then be very flat.

Jacketed gaskets

Jacketed gaskets consist of a core (any gasket material, fiber reinforced, PTFE), that of a PTFE or metal casing (steel or corrosion- resistant nickel alloys) is covered. The sheath protects the core against chemical attack from the medium to be sealed. The core itself has a support function which yields by the contact pressure. The required pressure is about twice as high as in a soft gasket and requires correspondingly stable flanges.

A particular example of a (partially) jacketed gasket is the head gasket in the automotive industry.

Massive metal seals

Massive metal seals from different materials (steel, nickel, stainless steels, titanium, Inconel ) are used when higher chemical conditions are present. They require high bolt forces and stable flanges. In practice slightly curved contact surfaces are often used to reduce the forces and in order to achieve a high surface pressure.

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