Gate-Array
Gate arrays are prefabricated logic circuits that are manufactured to customer specifications. Most manufacturing steps are performed customer independent. The location of the gate circuits, I / O lines, etc. are standardized, so that the customer can affect only the wiring of the logic circuits.
In modern semiconductor technology, the preparation costs for the production of gate arrays are relatively high, the pure production costs, however small. Gate arrays are of interest for small batch production and can include several million logic circuits.
A similar approach is taken by manufacturing the Field Programmable Gate Arrays ( FPGA), which have now removed the gate array technology a large part of the market for application-specific integrated circuits.
Manufacturer of gate arrays are: